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Melancholia or melancholy (from Greek: µέλαινα χολή melaina chole, [1] meaning black bile) [2] is a concept found throughout ancient, medieval, and premodern medicine in Europe that describes a condition characterized by markedly depressed mood, bodily complaints, and sometimes hallucinations and delusions.
Melancholy is said to allow one to "feel connected to the ecstasies of the universe", but depression is a source of despair. [21] Though the two states "take you to completely different destinations", Cain posits that melancholy and depression themselves probably differ as a matter of degree rather than as a matter of kind. [ 21 ]
Allegory on melancholy, from c. 1729 –1740, etching and engraving, in the Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York City) Life events Adversity in childhood , such as bereavement, neglect, mental abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, or unequal parental treatment of siblings, can contribute to depression in adulthood.
Pessimists tend to focus on the negatives of life in general. A common question asked to test for pessimism is "Is the glass half empty or half full?"; in this situation, a pessimist is said to see the glass as half empty, or in extreme cases completely empty, while an optimist is said to see the glass as half full. Throughout history, the ...
The following three sections proceed in a similarly exhaustive fashion: the first section focuses on the causes and symptoms of "common" melancholies, the second section deals with cures for melancholy, and the third section explores more complex and esoteric melancholies, including the melancholy of lovers and all manner of religious melancholies.
Says he's depressed. Says life seems harsh and cruel. Says he feels all alone in a threatening world where what lies ahead is vague and uncertain. Doctor says, 'Treatment is simple. Great clown Pagliacci is in town tonight. Go and see him. That should pick you up.' Man bursts into tears. Says, 'But doctor…I am Pagliacci.' Good joke. Everybody ...
Melancholy may refer to: Melancholia , one of the four temperaments in pre-modern medicine and proto-psychology, representing a state of low mood Depression (mood) , a state of low mood, also known as melancholy
The book is a fictionalized and humorous account of Indian bureaucracy and economic policies. [19] 1960 The Lotus and the Robot: Arthur Koestler: This book contains the author's experiences in India and Japan. The book was highly critical of the cultures of both nations. [20] The book was banned for its negative portrayal of Gandhi. [21] 1962