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Italian Cyrenaica (Italian: Cirenaica Italiana; Arabic: برقة الايطالیة) was an Italian colony, located in present-day eastern Libya, that existed from 1911 to 1934. It was part of the territory conquered from the Ottoman Empire during the Italo-Turkish War of 1911, [ 1 ] alongside Italian Tripolitania .
Cyrenaica became an Italian colony in 1911. After the 1934 formation of Italian Libya, the Cyrenaica province was designated as one of the three primary provinces of the country. During World War II, it fell under British military and civil administration from 1943 until 1951, and finally in the Kingdom of Libya from 1951 until 1963.
The Italian colonization of Libya began in 1911 and it lasted until 1943. The country, which was previously an Ottoman possession, was occupied by Italy in 1911 after the Italo-Turkish War, which resulted in the establishment of two colonies: Italian Tripolitania and Italian Cyrenaica.
A map showing the location of Cyrenaica. This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Cyrenaica, now part of Libya.. Cyrenaica is the eastern coastal region of Libya and also an ex-province or state ("muhafazah" or "wilayah") of the country (alongside Tripolitania and Fezzan) in the pre-1963 administrative system.
Italian colonial authorities forcibly expelled 100,000 Eastern Libyan Bedouins, half the population of Cyrenaica, from their settlements that were given to Italian colonist settlers, an action that has been described as ethnic cleansing. [12] Less than 40,000 Libyan survivors left Italian refugee camps following their release in 1934. [13]
On October 19, 1911, the Ottoman city of Benghazi was occupied by the Italians during the Italo-Turkish War. [1]Aerial view Italian Benghazi in 1940. Even if Benghazi city accepted the Italians and some members (mainly Jews) of the local community collaborated with the Italian government, in the interior nearly half the local population of Cyrenaica under the leadership of Omar Mukhtar ...
Map of traditional provinces of Libya, with Cyrenaica marked in gray. This article lists the colonial governors of Italian Cyrenaica from 1912 to 1935. They administered the territory on behalf of the Kingdom of Italy.
Italian Tripolitania was an Italian colony, located in present-day western Libya, that existed from 1911 to 1934. It was part of the territory conquered from the Ottoman Empire after the Italo-Turkish War in 1911. Italian Tripolitania included the western northern half of Libya, with Tripoli [1] as its main city.