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Melanochromis auratus, the auratus cichlid, is a freshwater fish of the cichlid family. It is also known as golden mbuna and Malawi golden cichlid.It is endemic to the southern region of Lake Malawi, particularly from Jalo Reef southward along the entire western coast down to Crocodile Rocks.
Melanochromis is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in Eastern Africa. Ecologically , they belong to the rock-dwelling mbuna cichlids of Lake Malawi. Melanochromis are typically small, slim but muscular fishes with lengthwise stripes of black, yellow and blue.
Like some other large cichlid genera, such as Cichlasoma, a number of related fishes have been recently reassigned to different genera such as Tropheops or Maylandia. Some species of Melanochromis in turn have been moved into Pseudotropheus. There are currently 25 recognized species in this genus: [1] Pseudotropheus ater Stauffer, 1988
Melanochromis cyaneorhabdos displaying behaviour typical of mbuna. Mbuna (pronounced Mmm-boo-nah [1]) is the common name for a large group of African cichlids from Lake Malawi, and are members of the haplochromine family. The name mbuna means "rockfish" in the language of the Tonga people of Malawi. [2]
Auratus cichlid, Malawi golden cichlid: Melanochromis auratus: 10 cm (3.9 in) Chipokee cichlid: Melanochromis chipokae: 12 cm (4.7 in) Blue johanni cichlid, Maingano: Melanochromis cyaneorhabdos: 10 cm (3.9 in) Pearl of Likoma: Melanochromis joanjohnsonae: 10 cm (3.9 in) Fusco: Nimbochromis fuscotaeniatus: 25 cm (9.8 in) Livingston's cichlid
Auratus comes from the Latin root aurat-, meaning "gold" or "golden", and is consequently used to designate species of this colour. Species labelled auratus include: The northern flicker, Colaptes auratus; The goldfish, Carassius auratus; The golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus; A fish called the Malawi golden cichlid, Melanochromis auratus
Adult male Golden Mbuna (Melanochromis auratus) Giraffe Hap (Nimbochromis venustus) Adult male Sciaenochromis fryeri. Among other genera of Haplochromini that were formerly included here, many are small or monotypic. The distinctness of these is highly doubtful, as they may just be distinct lineages of Haplochromis or other haplochromines.
A common name in a scientific context is East African cichlids – while they are not restricted to that region, they are the dominant Cichlidae there. This tribe was extensively studied by Ethelwynn Trewavas , who made major reviews in 1935 and 1989, at the beginning and at the end of her career in ichthyology .
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