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This technique is common in high-speed device drivers, such as network or disk, where the time lost in returning to the pre-interrupt task is greater than the time until the next required servicing. (Common I/O hardware in use these days relies heavily upon DMA and large data buffers to make up for a relatively poorly-performing interrupt system.
The included TLER-ON.BAT will set the Read & Write TLER time to seven seconds. It is possible to use the WDTLER.EXE utility directly with the -r# -w# parameters for a custom timeout. Western Digital claims that using the WDTLER.EXE utility on newer drives can damage the firmware and make the disk unusable. The utility is no longer available ...
A specified period of time that will be allowed to elapse in a system before a specified event is to take place, unless another specified event occurs first; in either case, the period is terminated when either event takes place. Note: A timeout condition can be canceled by the receipt of an appropriate time-out cancellation signal.
Shortest seek first, also known as Shortest Seek / Service Time First (SSTF) Elevator algorithm, also known as SCAN (including its variants, C-SCAN, LOOK, and C-LOOK) N-Step-SCAN SCAN of N records at a time; FSCAN, N-Step-SCAN where N equals queue size at start of the SCAN cycle; Budget Fair Queueing (BFQ) scheduler on Linux [2] [3]
Programmed input–output (also programmable input/output, programmed input/output, programmed I/O, PIO) is a method of data transmission, via input/output (I/O), between a central processing unit (CPU) and a peripheral device, [1] such as a Parallel ATA storage device. Each data item transfer is initiated by an instruction in the program ...
I/O request packets (IRPs) are kernel mode structures that are used by Windows Driver Model (WDM) and Windows NT device drivers to communicate with each other and with the operating system. They are data structures that describe I/O requests, and can be equally well thought of as "I/O request descriptors" or similar.
I/O devices are the pieces of hardware used by a human (or other system) to communicate with a computer. For instance, a keyboard or computer mouse is an input device for a computer, while monitors and printers are output devices .
The CPU-bound process will get and hold the CPU. During this time, all the other processes will finish their I/O and will move into the ready queue, waiting for the CPU. While the processes wait in the ready queue, the I/O devices are idle. Eventually, the CPU-bound process finishes its CPU burst and moves to an I/O device.