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  2. Word embedding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_embedding

    In natural language processing, a word embedding is a representation of a word. The embedding is used in text analysis . Typically, the representation is a real-valued vector that encodes the meaning of the word in such a way that the words that are closer in the vector space are expected to be similar in meaning. [ 1 ]

  3. BERT (language model) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BERT_(language_model)

    After processing the two spans, the 1-st output vector (the vector coding for [CLS]) is passed to a separate neural network for the binary classification into [IsNext] and [NotNext]. For example, given " [CLS] my dog is cute [SEP] he likes playing" the model should output token [IsNext] .

  4. Transformer (deep learning architecture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformer_(deep_learning...

    For many years, sequence modelling and generation was done by using plain recurrent neural networks (RNNs). A well-cited early example was the Elman network (1990). In theory, the information from one token can propagate arbitrarily far down the sequence, but in practice the vanishing-gradient problem leaves the model's state at the end of a long sentence without precise, extractable ...

  5. Knowledge graph embedding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_graph_embedding

    All the different knowledge graph embedding models follow roughly the same procedure to learn the semantic meaning of the facts. [7] First of all, to learn an embedded representation of a knowledge graph, the embedding vectors of the entities and relations are initialized to random values. [7]

  6. Mathematics of artificial neural networks - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics_of_artificial...

    Networks such as the previous one are commonly called feedforward, because their graph is a directed acyclic graph. Networks with cycles are commonly called recurrent. Such networks are commonly depicted in the manner shown at the top of the figure, where is shown as dependent upon itself. However, an implied temporal dependence is not shown.

  7. Neural network - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_network

    A neural network is a group of interconnected units called neurons that send signals to one another. Neurons can be either biological cells or mathematical models. While individual neurons are simple, many of them together in a network can perform complex tasks. There are two main types of neural network.

  8. Embedding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedding

    An embedding, or a smooth embedding, is defined to be an immersion that is an embedding in the topological sense mentioned above (i.e. homeomorphism onto its image). [ 4 ] In other words, the domain of an embedding is diffeomorphic to its image, and in particular the image of an embedding must be a submanifold .

  9. Vision transformer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vision_transformer

    The teacher network is an exponentially decaying average of the student network's past parameters: ′ = + +. The inputs to the networks are two different crops of the same image, represented as T ( x ) {\displaystyle T(x)} and T ′ ( x ) {\displaystyle T'(x)} , where x {\displaystyle x} is the original image.