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Abkhaz has only two distinctive vowels: an open vowel /a ~ ɑ/ and a close vowel /ɨ ~ ə/. These basic vowels have a wide range of allophones in different consonantal environments, with allophones [e] and [i] respectively next to palatals , [o] and [u] next to labials , and [ø] and [y] next to labiopalatals.
Abkhaz is a Northwest Caucasian language [8] [9] and is thus related to Adyghe.The language of Abkhaz is especially close to Abaza, and they are sometimes considered dialects of the same language, [10] [11] Abazgi, of which the literary dialects of Abkhaz and Abaza are simply two ends of a dialect continuum.
The Northwest Caucasian languages, [1] also called West Caucasian, Abkhazo-Adyghean, Abkhazo-Circassian, [2] Circassic, or sometimes Pontic languages (from Ancient Greek, pontos, referring to the Black Sea, in contrast to the Northeast Caucasian languages as the Caspian languages), is a family of languages spoken in the northwestern Caucasus region, [3] chiefly in three Russian republics ...
Proto-Northwest Caucasian (sometimes abbreviated PNWC), also Proto-Adyghe-Abazgi or Proto-Adyghe-Abkhaz, is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Northwest Caucasian languages. Phonology [ edit ]
Abkhaz did not become a written language until the 19th century. Up until then, Abkhazians, especially princes, had been using Greek (up to c. 9th century), Georgian (9–19th centuries), and partially Turkish (18th century) languages. [2] The Abkhaz word for alphabet is анбан (anban), which was borrowed from Georgian ანბანი ...
It is used in Abkhaz where it represents the voiced alveolar affricate /dz/, pronounced like ds in "pods". It is also used in a 2007 alphabet for the Uilta language, where it represents [d͡ʒ~ɟ] (j as in jam or g as in argue). It was also used in one 1937 proposal (not adopted) for the Karelian language. [citation needed]
Abaza people historically speak the Abaza language, a Northwest Caucasian language most closely related to Abkhaz, and more distantly related to the Ubykh and Circassian languages. There are two dialects of Abaza spoken in Karachay-Cherkessia: Ashkharua and Tapanta. The culture and traditions of the Abazin are similar to those of the Circassians.
Proto Abkhaz Cyrillic Abaza Bzyb Abzhui Tapant *p: pʰ Ԥ ԥ p *b: b: Б б: b *pʼ: pʼ: П п: pʼ *f: f: Ф ф: f *w: w: У у: w *m: m: М м: m *t: t: Ҭ ҭ: t ...