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The American Psychological Association (APA) Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct (for short, the Ethics Code, as referred to by the APA) includes an introduction, preamble, a list of five aspirational principles and a list of ten enforceable standards that psychologists use to guide ethical decisions in practice, research, and education.
The Belmont Report summarizes ethical principles and guidelines for human subject research. Three core principles are identified: respect for persons, Beneficence, and Justice. The three primary areas of application were stated as informed consent, assessment of risks and benefits, and selection of human subjects in research.
The main points of the 1931 Guidelines for Human Experimentation are as follows: [5] Full unambiguous and informed consent from test subjects is required, except in extreme extenuating circumstances. Risks should be balanced out by potential benefits. Caution should be taken for subjects under 18 years old. Extreme caution should be taken if ...
The American Psychological Association (APA) is the main professional organization of psychologists in the United States, [1] and the largest psychological association in the world. It has over 157,000 members, including scientists, educators, clinicians, consultants, and students. [1] It has 54 divisions, which function as interest groups for ...
In 1975, the Department of Health, Education and Welfare (DHEW) created regulation which included the recommendations laid out in the NIH's 1966 Policies for the Protection of Human Subjects. [6] Title 45 of the Code of Federal Regulations, known as "The Common Rule," requires that institutional review boards (IRBs) oversee experiments using ...
Institutional review board. An institutional review board (IRB), also known as an independent ethics committee (IEC), ethical review board (ERB), or research ethics board (REB), is a committee at an institution that applies research ethics by reviewing the methods proposed for research involving human subjects, to ensure that the projects are ...
Nuremberg Code. The Nuremberg Code (German: Nürnberger Kodex) is a set of ethical research principles for human experimentation created by the court in U.S. v Brandt, one of the Subsequent Nuremberg trials that were held after the Second World War. Though it was articulated as part of the court's verdict in the trial, the Code would later ...
Harris Cooper is an American academic social psychologist and an author of nonfiction books. He is the Hugo L. Blomquist Distinguished Professor Emeritus at Duke University. [1] Cooper is best known for his works on research synthesis methodology and educational policies and practices. Among his authored works are publications in academic ...
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