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The Singapore Medical Association (abbreviated SMA) is a professional association representing the interests of medical professionals in Singapore. It was established on September 15, 1959, replacing the Malaya Branch of the British Medical Association. [2] As of 2020, it had over 8,200 members. [3]
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare neuromuscular disorder that results in the loss of motor neurons and progressive muscle wasting. [3] [4] [5] It is usually diagnosed in infancy or early childhood and if left untreated it is the most common genetic cause of infant death. [6]
Autosomal recessive proximal spinal muscular atrophy, responsible for 90-95% of cases and usually called simply spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) – a disorder associated with a genetic mutation on the SMN1 gene on chromosome 5q (locus 5q13), diagnosed predominantly in young children and in its most severe form being the most common genetic cause ...
Twenty-one patients developed pneumonia (median age: 62 years) and 15 of them died (median = 65 years). The most common cause of death in these cases was pneumonia and respiratory failure. [18] There was considerable variation in the age of onset for each milestone, often varying by 25 to 30 years between the 10th to 90th percentile ranges.
Suicide is a significant non-medical cause of death in Singapore. Attempted suicide was an offence punishable with jail under section 309 of the Penal Code . [ 24 ] However, on 6 May 2019, the law was amended to decriminalise suicide.
Only 12 known human families are described in scientific literature to have SMA-PME. [2] SMA-PME is associated with a missense mutation (c.125C→T) or deletion in exon 2 of the ASAH1 gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. [3] SMA-PME is closely related to a lysosomal disorder disease called Farber lipogranulomatosis. [4]
Some common indicators used to indicate health include total fertility rate, infant mortality rate, life expectancy, crude birth and death rate.As of 2017, Singapore has a Total Fertility Rate of 1.16 [5] children born per woman, an Infant Mortality rate of 2.2 deaths per 1000 live births, [6] Crude Birth Rate of 8.9 births per 1000 people [7] and a Death Rate of 3 deaths per 1000 inhabitants. [8]
Onasemnogene abeparvovec, sold under the brand name Zolgensma, is a gene therapy used to treat spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), [6] [7] a disease causing muscle function loss in children. It involves a one-time infusion of the medication into a vein . [ 6 ]