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Aristolochia (English: / ə ˌ r ɪ s t ə ˈ l oʊ k i ə /) is a large plant genus with over 500 species that is the type genus of the family Aristolochiaceae.Its members are commonly known as birthwort, pipevine or Dutchman's pipe and are widespread and occur in the most diverse climates.
Aristolochia grandiflora has been used for ornamental purposes, as a food source, and in traditional medicine. A. grandiflora is a food source for swallowtail butterfly larvae. These butterflies become unpalatable to predators when they consume the terpenes in this plant.
Eight genera are accepted – Aristolochia, Asarum, Euglypha, Hydnora, Lactoris, Prosopanche, Saruma, and Thottea. [4] Four assemblages can be distinguished in the genus-level cladogram of Aristolochiaceae: Aristolochia is closely related to Thottea. Hydnora is closely related to Prosopanche. Lactoris occupies an isolated position.
Aristolochia macrophylla, Dutchman's pipe or pipevine, is a perennial vine native to the eastern United States. [2] A. macrophylla belongs to the plant family Aristolochiaceae and is found primarily along the Cumberland Mountains and Blue Ridge Mountains in the eastern portion of the United States, as well as Ontario , Canada.
Aristolochia littoralis is a climbing vine that can reach about 3–4.5 metres (9.8–14.8 ft) in length. The slender stems are woody and the leaves are bright green, cordate, amplexicaul, 7–9 centimetres (2.8–3.5 in) long and 5–10 centimetres (2.0–3.9 in) wide, forming a dense attractive foliage.
The following species in the flowering plant genus Aristolochia, the birthworts, pipevines, or Dutchman's pipes, are accepted by Plants of the World Online. [1] Attempts to untangle taxonomic relationships within this taxon have met with difficulties.
Aristolochia californica is a deciduous vine. [5] It grows from rhizomes, to a length usually around 5 feet (1.5 m), but can reach over 20 feet (6.1 m). [5] The twining trunk can become quite thick in circumference at maturity.
Aristolochia indica flower Arsitolochia indica - flower. This plant contains aristolochic acid, a carcinogen also found in various Aristolochia and Asarum plants, both in the family Aristolochiaceae. Aristolochic acid is composed of an about 1:1 mixture of two forms, aristolochic acid I and aristolochic acid II.
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