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2. Portal frame - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal_frame

   A portal frame steel building under construction. Portal frame is a construction technique where vertical supports are connected to horizontal beams or trusses via fixed joints with designed-in moment-resisting capacity. [1] The result is wide spans and open floors. Portal frame structures can be constructed using a variety of materials and ...

3. 7 World Trade Center (1987–2001) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7_World_Trade_Center_(1987...

   Transfer trusses used on the 5–7th floors to redistribute load to the foundation. The original 7 World Trade Center was a 47-story building, designed by Emery Roth & Sons, with a red granite facade. The building was 610 feet (190 m) tall, with a trapezoidal footprint that was 330 ft (100 m) long and 140 ft (43 m) wide.

4. Construction of the World Trade Center - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction_of_the_World...

   The tube-frame design required 40 percent less structural steel than conventional building designs. [97] The buildings used high-strength, load-bearing perimeter steel columns which acted as Vierendeel trusses. [98] [93] Although the columns themselves were lightweight, they were spaced closely together, forming a strong, rigid wall structure.

5. Framing (construction) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Framing_(construction)

   Other light-frame buildings are built over a crawlspace or a basement, with wood or steel joists used to span between foundation walls, usually constructed of poured concrete or concrete blocks. Engineered components are commonly used to form floor, ceiling and roof structures in place of solid wood.

6. Purlin - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purlin

   In steel construction, the term purlin typically refers to roof framing members that span parallel to the building eave, [5] and support the roof decking or sheeting. The purlins are in turn supported by rafters or walls. Purlins are most commonly used in Steel Framed Building Systems, where Z-shapes are utilized in a manner that allows ...

7. Steel building - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel_building

   Steel building on a farm in Shenandoah County, Virginia The Minor Basilica of San Sebastián (1891) in Manila, a Philippines National Heritage Landmark. [1]A steel building is a metal structure fabricated with steel for the internal support and for exterior cladding, as opposed to steel framed buildings which generally use other materials for floors, walls, and external envelope.