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A sporangium (from Late Latin, from Ancient Greek σπορά (sporá) 'seed' and ἀγγεῖον (angeîon) 'vessel'); pl.: sporangia) [1] is an enclosure in which spores are formed. [2] It can be composed of a single cell or can be multicellular. Virtually all plants, fungi, and many other groups form sporangia at some point in their life cycle.
An extension of the sporangiophore called the columella protrudes into the sporangium. The sporangium walls are easily ruptured to release the spores, which germinate readily to form a new mycelium on appropriate substrates. During sexual reproduction, compatible strains form short, specialized hyphae called gametangia. At the point where two ...
A microsporangium (pl. microsporangia) is a sporangium that produces microspores that give rise to male gametophytes when they germinate. Microsporangia occur in all vascular plants that have heterosporic life cycles, such as seed plants, spike mosses and the aquatic fern genus Azolla.
An annulus in botany is for ferns an arc or a ring of specialized cells on the sporangium. These cells are arranged in a single row, and are associated with the release or dispersal of spores. In mosses it is a ring of cells around the tip of the sporangium. In flowers it is a ring of hairs within the flower tube.
Produced by sporangium: Zygomycetes: Sporangium of Fungi: Zygospores: Produced by zygosporangium: Zygomycetes: Zygospores on Rhizopus: Ascospores: Produced by ascus: Ascomycetes: Ascospores of Didymella Rabiei: Basidiospores: Produced by basidium: Basidiomycetes: Typical reproductive structure of a basidiomycete, including the basidiospore and ...
Zygosporangia are typically thick-walled, highly resilient to environmental hardships, and metabolically inert. When conditions improve, however, they germinate to produce a sporangium or vegetative hyphae. Meiosis occurs during germination of the zygosporangium so the resulting spores or hyphae are haploid. Grows in warm and damp conditions.
A sporangium that is a cylindrical outgrowth from the swollen tip of a sporangiophore. A chain-like row of sporangiospores are produced there. Characteristic of Mucorales; also found in some other zygomycetes. [232] microbiota All of the microorganisms present in an area, including algae, bacteria, protozoa, and fungi. Compare mycobiota. [233]
In lichens and other fungi, the sorus is surrounded by an external layer. In some red algae, it may take the form of depression into the thallus. In ferns, the sori form a yellowish or brownish mass on the edge or underside of a fertile frond.