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In botany, a drupe (or stone fruit) is a type of fruit in which an outer fleshy part (exocarp, or skin, and mesocarp, or flesh) surrounds a single shell (the pip (UK), pit (US), stone, or pyrena) of hardened endocarp with a seed (kernel) inside. Drupes do not split open to release the seed, i.e., they are indehiscent. [1]
The fruit is a small leathery-skinned drupe 1–2 cm (0.39–0.79 in) in diameter, yellow ripening blackish, containing one to three seeds. Uses. ...
The flowers are white with five small petals, produced in terminal cymes 4–8 cm (1 + 1 ⁄ 2 –3 in) in diameter. The fruit is a small red to purple-black drupe 4–8 millimetres (1 ⁄ 8 – 3 ⁄ 8 in) long. The shrub often suckers and can form a colony in time.
The fruit of the Cocoseae is a modified drupe, with a sclerenchymatous epicarp and a highly developed mesocarp, formed mainly by parenchyma . The endocarp is generally sclerenchymatous and protects the seeds from predation and drying.
They are green on top and pale below, becoming showy red or orange in the autumn. The flowers are 1–1.5 cm (3 ⁄ 8 – 5 ⁄ 8 in) in diameter, with five white petals and large yellow anthers. The fruit is an edible drupe 1.5–2 cm (5 ⁄ 8 – 3 ⁄ 4 in) in diameter in the wild plant, red, yellow, blue, or nearly black. [4] [5]
Other drupe-like fruits with a single seed that lack the stony endocarp include sea-buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides, Elaeagnaceae), which is an achene, surrounded by a swollen hypanthium that provides the fleshy layer. [14] Fruits of Coffea species are described as either drupes or berries. [9]
The fruit is a globose dark blue drupe 6–15 mm (0.24–0.59 in) diameter, containing a single seed. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 11 ] It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in gardens for its fragrant flowers.