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I/O devices are the pieces of hardware used by a human (or other system) to communicate with a computer. For instance, a keyboard or computer mouse is an input device for a computer, while monitors and printers are output devices .
The FAST 1 device consists of multiple needles in a probe that penetrates the manubrium once manual pressure is applied. [16] The Bone Injection Gun (BIG) device is a small, plastic, disposable, spring-loaded device that has a trigger that shoots the IO needle into the IO insertion site, which is more than likely in the proximal tibia. [16]
A specified period of time that will be allowed to elapse in a system before a specified event is to take place, unless another specified event occurs first; in either case, the period is terminated when either event takes place. Note: A timeout condition can be canceled by the receipt of an appropriate time-out cancellation signal.
The CPU-bound process will get and hold the CPU. During this time, all the other processes will finish their I/O and will move into the ready queue, waiting for the CPU. While the processes wait in the ready queue, the I/O devices are idle. Eventually, the CPU-bound process finishes its CPU burst and moves to an I/O device.
This technique is common in high-speed device drivers, such as network or disk, where the time lost in returning to the pre-interrupt task is greater than the time until the next required servicing. (Common I/O hardware in use these days relies heavily upon DMA and large data buffers to make up for a relatively poorly-performing interrupt system.
The first use of channel I/O was with the IBM 709 [2] vacuum tube mainframe in 1957, whose Model 766 Data Synchronizer was the first channel controller. The 709's transistorized successor, the IBM 7090, [3] had two to eight 6-bit channels (the 7607) and a channel multiplexor (the 7606) which could control up to eight channels.
Profinet implements the interfacing to peripherals. [1] [2] It defines the communication with field connected peripheral devices.Its basis is a cascading real-time concept. Profinet defines the entire data exchange between controllers (called "IO-Controllers") and the devices (called "IO-Devices"), as well as parameter setting and diagnosi
The IODD (IO Device Description) describes sensors and actuators with an IO-Link [1] communication interface. It contains information about the device’s identity, parameters, process data, diagnosis data, communication properties and the design of the user interface of engineering tools.