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first primary proto- second secondary deutero-third tertiary trito-fourth quaternary, quartary: tetarto- fifth quinary (pempto-) sixth senary (ecto-, hecto-) seventh septenary (ebdomo-, hebdomo-) eighth octonary (ogdo-) ninth nonary (enato-) tenth decenary [4] (decato-) eleventh undenary (endecato-) twelfth duodenary (dodecato-)
The ordinal category are based on ordinal numbers such as the English first, second, third, which specify position of items in a sequence. In Latin and Greek, the ordinal forms are also used for fractions for amounts higher than 2; only the fraction 1 / 2 has special forms.
In linguistics, and more precisely in traditional grammar, a cardinal numeral (or cardinal number word) is a part of speech used to count. Examples in English are the words one , two , three , and the compounds three hundred [and] forty-two and nine hundred [and] sixty .
Some theories consider "numeral" to be a synonym for "number" and assign all numbers (including ordinal numbers like "first") to a part of speech called "numerals". [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Numerals in the broad sense can also be analyzed as a noun ("three is a small number"), as a pronoun ("the two went to town"), or for a small number of words as an ...
By contrast, minor mode compositions of the common practice period frequently raise the seventh scale degree by a semitone to strengthen the cadences, and in conjunction also raise the sixth scale degree by a semitone to avoid the awkward interval of an augmented second. This is particularly true of vocal music.
As a result, children in their first year of senior school (aged 11–12 years) might be in the first year, third year or seventh year. Where the same form number is used for two year groups, they are differentiated by the terms "upper" and "lower". The most senior forms are traditionally lower and upper sixth or first and second year sixth.
The intervals of the second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, octave, ninth and tenth can all be found. As African music and harmony is based on a cyclical structure with recurring reference points and harmonic reference points (or chords) some of these intervals are seen as color tones while others have structural significance.
These names are derived from a scheme where the tonic note is the 'centre'. Then the supertonic and subtonic are, respectively, a second above and below the tonic; the mediant and submediant are a third above and below it; and the dominant and subdominant are a fifth above and below the tonic: [4]