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Reactive gastropathy is morphologically distinct entity [3] [4] that can be separated from gastritis, which by definition has a significant inflammatory component. As a reactive gastropathy may mimic a (true) gastritis symptomatically and visually in an endoscopic examination , it may incorrectly be referred to as a gastritis.
Atrophic gastritis under low power. H&E stain. Autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis (AMAG) is an inherited form of atrophic gastritis characterized by an immune response directed toward parietal cells and intrinsic factor. [6] Achlorhydria induces G cell (gastrin-producing) hyperplasia, which leads to hypergastrinemia.
He described chronic gastritis as "Gastritide" and erroneously believed that gastritis was the cause of ascites, typhoid fever, and meningitis. In 1854, Charles Handfield Jones and Wilson Fox described the microscopic changes of stomach inner lining in gastritis which existed in diffuse and segmental forms.
Propranolol has also been evaluated in patients with chronic cirrhosis and portal hypertensive gastropathy. [6] Other medications that primarily treat bleeding, including anti-fibrinolytic medications such as tranexamic acid have also been used in case reports of patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy. [ 7 ]
This syndrome defines the association between thyroid disease and chronic gastritis, which was first described in the 1960s. [43] This term was coined also to indicate the presence of thyroid autoantibodies or autoimmune thyroid disease in patients with pernicious anemia, a late clinical stage of atrophic gastritis. [44]
The intensity of chronic inflammation is related to the cytotoxicity of the H. pylori strain. A greater cytotoxicity will result in the change from a non-atrophic gastritis to an atrophic gastritis, with the loss of mucous glands. This condition is a prequel to the development of peptic ulcers and gastric adenocarcinoma. [149]
Focal infection theory is the historical concept that many chronic diseases, including systemic and common ones, are caused by focal infections. In present medical consensus, a focal infection is a localized infection, often asymptomatic, that causes disease elsewhere in the host, but focal infections are fairly infrequent and limited to fairly uncommon diseases. [1]
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