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Millipedes can be an unwanted nuisance particularly in greenhouses where they can potentially cause severe damage to emergent seedlings. Most millipedes defend themselves with a variety of chemicals secreted from pores along the body, although the tiny bristle millipedes are covered with tufts of detachable bristles. Its primary defence ...
Although the name "millipede" is a compound word formed from the Latin roots millia ("thousand") and pes (gen. pedis) ("foot"), millipedes typically have between 36 and 400 legs. In 2021, however, was described Eumillipes persephone , the first species known to have 1,000 or more legs, possessing 1,306 of them. [ 28 ]
Chordeumatida is the largest order in the superorder Nematophora, a group also known as spinning millipedes because their telsons feature spinnerets used to build nests of silk. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] These millipedes produce this silk to create chambers in which to molt or to lay their eggs.
Mandibulates include the crustaceans, myriapods (centipedes and millipedes), and all true insects. The name "Mandibulata" refers to the mandibles , a modified pair of limbs used in food processing, the presence of which are characteristic of most members of the group.
Because of this defense, A. gigas is one of the few invertebrates that driver ants are incapable of taking as prey. The chemicals identified in this millipede’s defensive secretion are toluquinone and 2-methoxy-3-methylbenzoquinone [5] Small mites are often observed crawling on their exoskeleton and among their legs.
Once the millipede is paralyzed the glowworm larvae will begin to eat it starting at the front and working its way to the back. [12] Similarly, the ant will take the millipede back to its nest and will begin to eat the greenhouse millipede one ring at a time. [11] The greenhouse millipede eats decaying organic matter. [13]
Polydesmida (from the Greek poly "many" and desmos "bond") is the largest order of millipedes, with more than 5,000 species, [2] [3] including all the millipedes reported to produce hydrogen cyanide (HCN). [4] This order is also the most diverse of the millipede orders in terms of morphology. [5]
Glomeris marginata is a common European species of pill millipede. It is a short millipede, rounded in cross-section, which is capable of rolling itself up into a ball ("volvation") when disturbed. This behaviour is also found in the pill woodlouse Armadillidium, with which G. marginata is often confused. [2]