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A late talker is a toddler experiencing late language emergence (LLE), [2] [3] which can also be an early or secondary sign of an autism spectrum disorder, or other neurodevelopmental disorders such as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, intellectual disability, learning disability, social communication disorder, or specific language impairment.
Still's disease; Stimmler syndrome; Stimulant psychosis; Stoelinga–De Koomen–davis syndrome; Stoll–Alembik–Dott syndrome; Stoll–Alembik–Finck syndrome; Stoll–Geraudel–Chauvin syndrome; Stoll–Kieny–Dott syndrome; Stoll–Levy–Francfort syndrome; Stomach cancer, familial; Stomach cancer; Stomatitis; Storage pool platelet disease
Speech sound disorders of unknown cause that are not accompanied by other language problems are a relatively common reason for young children to be referred to speech-language therapy (speech-language pathology). [34] These often resolve by around 4–5 years of age with specialist intervention, [35] and so would not meet criteria for DLD.
The term childhood disease refers to disease that is contracted or becomes symptomatic before the age of 18 or 21 years old. Many of these diseases can also be contracted by adults. Some childhood diseases include:
Specific language impairment (SLI) is diagnosed when a child's language does not develop normally and the difficulties cannot be accounted for by generally slow development, physical abnormality of the speech apparatus, autism spectrum disorder, apraxia, acquired brain damage or hearing loss. Twin studies have shown that it is under genetic ...
A speech sound disorder (SSD) is a speech disorder affecting the ability to pronounce speech sounds, which includes speech articulation disorders and phonemic disorders, the latter referring to some sounds not being produced or used correctly. The term "protracted phonological development" is sometimes preferred when describing children's ...
The scientific study of the causes of developmental disorders involves many theories. Some of the major differences between these theories involves whether environment disrupts normal development, if abnormalities are pre-determined, or if they are products of human evolutionary history which become disorders in modern environments (see evolutionary psychiatry). [5]
Speech–language pathology (a.k.a. speech and language pathology or logopedics) is a healthcare and academic discipline concerning the evaluation, treatment, and prevention of communication disorders, including expressive and mixed receptive-expressive language disorders, voice disorders, speech sound disorders, speech disfluency, pragmatic language impairments, and social communication ...