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Diagnosis requires an appropriate clinical history, the characteristic expiratory airway collapse on radiological investigation, and exclusion of other causes of congenital and acquired bronchiectasis. Pathology of the affected bronchi by bronchoscopy showing the deficiency of cartilaginous plates in the bronchial wall is the confirmatory test. [3]
Bronchiectasis is a disease in which there is permanent enlargement of parts of the airways of the lung. [5] Symptoms typically include a chronic cough with mucus production. [3] Other symptoms include shortness of breath, coughing up blood, and chest pain. [2] Wheezing and nail clubbing may also occur. [2] Those with the disease often get lung ...
AEIOU-TIPS is a mnemonic acronym used by some medical professionals to recall the possible causes for altered mental status.Medical literature discusses its utility in determining differential diagnoses in various special populations presenting with altered mental status including infants, [1] children, [2] adolescents, [3] and the elderly. [4]
Obstructive lung disease is a category of respiratory disease characterized by airway obstruction.Many obstructive diseases of the lung result from narrowing (obstruction) of the smaller bronchi and larger bronchioles, often because of excessive contraction of the smooth muscle itself.
Most of the other disorders diagnosed in infancy, childhood, or adolescence involve anxiety. If the child is continually put in anxiety producing situations, they could show symptoms of these disorders. Usually, the symptoms will be mild and the child will not get help, which may cause the symptoms to become worse. [22]
Where present it is a strong diagnostic factor of ABPA and distinguishes symptoms from other causes of bronchiectasis. [11] CT scans may more rarely reveal mosaic-appearance attenuation, centrilobular lung nodules, tree-in-bud opacities, and pleuropulmonary fibrosis (a finding consistent with CPA, a disease with ABPA as a known precursor). [1]
Chronic illness can affect a child's development at any stage. During infancy and childhood chronic illness can be detrimental to the development of secure attachment, interpersonal trust, self-regulation, and/or peer relation skills. During middle adolescence, chronic illness can prevent a child from being in school on a regular basis.
Since pediatric chronic pain can have various complex causes, current data suggest that a comprehensive multidisciplinary treatment is important and is frequently the most successful approach to achieve remission or management of symptoms. This treatment approach typically involves a combination of therapies, including occupational therapy ...