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Semi-solid metal casting (SSM) is a near net shape variant of die casting. [1] The process is used today with non-ferrous metals, such as aluminium, copper, [2] and magnesium. It can work with higher temperature alloys that lack suitable die materials. The process combines the advantages of casting and forging.
Gear manufacturing refers to the making of gears. Gears can be manufactured by a variety of processes, including casting , forging , extrusion , powder metallurgy , and blanking . As a general rule, however, machining is applied to achieve the final dimensions, shape and surface finish in the gear.
Plaster casting is an inexpensive alternative to other molding processes for complex parts due to the low cost of the plaster and its ability to produce near net shape castings. The biggest disadvantage is that it can only be used with low melting point non-ferrous materials, such as aluminium, copper, magnesium, and zinc. [6]
When making a pattern it is best to taper the edges so that the pattern can be removed without breaking the mold. This is called draft . The opposite of draft is an undercut where there is part of the pattern under the mold material, making it impossible to remove the pattern without damaging the mold.
Forging a nail. Valašské muzeum v přírodě, Czech Republic. Forging is one of the oldest known metalworking processes. [1] Traditionally, forging was performed by a smith using hammer and anvil, though introducing water power to the production and working of iron in the 12th century allowed the use of large trip hammers or power hammers that increased the amount and size of iron that could ...
Forging temperature is the temperature at which a metal becomes substantially more soft, but is lower than the melting temperature, such that it can be reshaped by forging. [1] Bringing a metal to its forging temperature allows the metal's shape to be changed by applying a relatively small force, without creating cracks.
Steel castings are used when iron castings cannot deliver enough strength or shock resistance. [1] Examples of items that are steel castings include: hydroelectric turbine wheels, forging presses, gears, railroad truck frames, valve bodies, pump casings, mining machinery, marine equipment, turbocharger turbines and engine cylinder blocks. [1]
Ferrous metallurgy is the metallurgy of iron and its alloys. The earliest surviving prehistoric iron artifacts, from the 4th millennium BC in Egypt , [ 1 ] were made from meteoritic iron-nickel . [ 2 ]