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  2. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetal_alcohol_spectrum...

    The term fetal alcohol effects (FAE) was used for alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder and alcohol-related birth defects. [1] It was initially used in research studies to describe humans and animals in whom teratogenic effects were seen after confirmed prenatal alcohol exposure (or unknown exposure for humans), but without obvious ...

  3. Developmental toxicity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_toxicity

    Developmental toxicity is any developmental malformation that is caused by the toxicity of a chemical or pathogen. It is the structural or functional alteration, reversible or irreversible, which interferes with homeostasis, normal growth, differentiation, development or behavior.

  4. Teratology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teratology

    Fetal Alcohol Syndrome has numerous symptoms which may include cognitive impairments and impairment of the facial features. [46] PAE remains the leading cause of birth defects and neurodevelopmental abnormalities in the United States, affecting 9.1 to 50 per 1000 live births in the U.S. and 68.0 to 89.2 per 1000 in populations with high levels ...

  5. Health effects of alcohol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_alcohol

    Negative effects are related to the amount consumed with no safe lower limit seen. [14] Some nations have introduced alcohol packaging warning messages that inform consumers about alcohol and cancer, as well as fetal alcohol syndrome. [15] There are several potential ways for light alcohol drinkers to reduce their cancer risk.

  6. Alcoholism in family systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcoholism_in_family_systems

    In pregnant women, alcohol is carried to all of the mother's organs and tissues, including the placenta, where it easily crosses through the membrane separating the maternal and fetal blood systems. When a pregnant woman drinks an alcoholic beverage, the concentration of alcohol in her unborn baby's bloodstream is the same level as her own.

  7. Birth defect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birth_defect

    The compromised stress management skills of animals whose male parent was exposed to alcohol are similar to the exaggerated responses to stress that children with fetal alcohol syndrome display because of maternal alcohol use. These birth defects and behavioral disorders were found in cases of both long- and short-term paternal alcohol ingestion.

  8. Nutrition and pregnancy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrition_and_pregnancy

    An estimated 24% of babies worldwide are born with lower than optimal weights at birth due to lack of proper nutrition. [3] Personal habits such as consumption of alcohol or large amounts of caffeine can negatively and irreversibly affect the development of the baby, which happens in the early stages of pregnancy. [4]

  9. FASD (disambiguation) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FASD_(disambiguation)

    Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder is a term describing the range of conditions that result from alcohol exposure during pregnancy. These include physical, behavioral, and neurodevelopment effects as well as learning disabilities. FASD may also refer to: Franklin Area School District, a school system located in Franklin, Pennsylvania