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A dermoid cyst is a teratoma of a cystic nature that contains an array of developmentally mature, solid tissues. It frequently consists of skin, hair follicles, and sweat glands, while other commonly found components include clumps of long hair, pockets of sebum, blood, fat, bone, nail, teeth, eyes, cartilage, and thyroid tissue.
A dermoid cyst is a mature cystic teratoma containing hair ... since the advent of ultrasound imaging, in fetuses. The most diagnosed fetal teratomas are ...
CT Ovarian Cyst. Further work up involves imaging, such as a pelvic ultrasound or CT scan. [7] Theca lutein cysts with diameters over 6 cm in size can be seen through these imaging modalities. [18] Benign ovarian cysts and complex cysts that are potentially malignant are distinguishable via ultrasounds. [19]
The combined approach of ultrasound with Doppler, along with the selective use of contrast-enhanced MRI, proves to be an efficient diagnostic method for identifying benign adnexal masses with distinctive features, including functional masses, dermoid, endometrioma, fibroma, pedunculated fibroid, hydrosalpinx, and peritoneal inclusion cysts. [18]
The thymus has a unique appearance on ultrasound, which allows for specific diagnosis. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] Ectopic thymus appears hypoechoic , with characteristic linear echogenic foci. [ 3 ] Magnetic resonance imaging may be utilized as well to better characterize and identify the location of the ectopic thymus. [ 2 ]
Ultrasound is used as the first imaging modality, and often shows hypo-echoic, sometimes septated cyst that runs along the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Other imaging techniques such as CT and MRI can also be used. These are more useful for determining the cyst's relationship to the surrounding structures and planning for the surgery. [3]
Ultrasound demonstrates a complex appearance with multiple cystic and solid areas, findings that reflect the gross pathologic appearance of the tumor. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings may be more characteristic: The cystic spaces demonstrate both high and low signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images.
In more advanced, recurring, or rapidly progressing cases, treatment may consist of complete surgical removal, radiation therapy, antiestrogens (e.g. tamoxifen), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), chemotherapy (e.g. methotrexate and vinblastine or vinorelbine, doxorubicin), or ablation (cold, heat, ultrasound).