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Flash memory is an electronic non-volatile computer memory storage medium that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. The two main types of flash memory, NOR flash and NAND flash, are named for the NOR and NAND logic gates. Both use the same cell design, consisting of floating-gate MOSFETs. They differ at the circuit level depending on ...
Typically, non-volatile memory costs more, provides lower performance, or has a limited lifetime compared to volatile random access memory. Non-volatile data storage can be categorized into electrically addressed systems, for example, flash memory, and read-only memory) and mechanically addressed systems (hard disks, optical discs, magnetic ...
An illustration of the write amplification phenomenon in flash-based storage devices. Over time, advancements in central processing unit (CPU) speed has driven innovation in secondary storage technology. [7] One such innovation, flash memory, is a non-volatile storage medium that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed.
Most SSDs use non-volatile NAND flash memory for data storage, primarily due to its cost-effectiveness and ability to retain data without a constant power supply. NAND flash-based SSDs store data in semiconductor cells, with the specific architecture influencing performance, endurance, and cost.
Firmware is stored in non-volatile memory – either read-only memory (ROM) or programmable memory such as EPROM, EEPROM, or flash. Changing a device's firmware stored in ROM requires physically replacing the memory chip – although some chips are not designed to be removed after manufacture.
There are two main kinds of semiconductor memory: volatile and non-volatile. Examples of non-volatile memory are flash memory and ROM, PROM, EPROM, and EEPROM memory. Examples of volatile memory are dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) used for primary storage and static random-access memory (SRAM) used mainly for CPU cache.
Non-volatile random-access memory (NVRAM) is random-access memory that retains data without applied power. This is in contrast to dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) and static random-access memory (SRAM), which both maintain data only for as long as power is applied, or forms of sequential-access memory such as magnetic tape, which cannot be randomly accessed but which retains data ...
Previous non-flash memory designs would lose all stored data in the event of a power loss. NVFS is a derivative of flash memory, which continually stores all data even when no power is applied. palmOne invented NVFS in response to complaints that a handheld's data was destroyed when the battery power ran out. In the past, it was necessary to ...