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The current constitution was ratified by popular referendum during the military junta of 1980-1983. Since its ratification in 1982, the current constitution has overseen many important events and changes in the Republic of Turkey, and it has been modified many times to keep up with global and regional geopolitical conjunctures.
After becoming one of the early members of the Council of Europe in 1950, Turkey became an associate member of the EEC in 1963, joined the EU Customs Union in 1995 and started full membership negotiations with the European Union in 2005. [5] [6] The Turkish Constitution is cumulatively built on the following principles: Kemalism (The Six Arrows ...
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According to the Constitution, Turkey's government system is based on a separation of powers. The Constitution states that the legislative power is vested in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (art. 7), that the executive power is carried out by the President of Turkey (art. 8) and that the judicial power is exercised by independent and ...
The Turkish Constitution of 1921 was a fundamental law for Turkey from 1921 to 1924. [3] It is generally accepted that the Constitution was the result of the most democratic constitution-making process in Turkish history. [4]
Turkey is also subdivided into 7 regions and 21 subregions for geographic, demographic and economic purposes; this does not refer to an administrative division. The largely centralized structure of decision-making in Ankara is often considered an impediment to good governance, [3] [4] [5] and causes resentment in particular in ethnic minority ...
Turkey remained neutral during most of World War II, but was involved in the Korean War. Several military interventions interfered with the transition to a multi-party system. Turkey is an upper-middle-income and emerging country; its economy is the world's 17th-largest by nominal and 12th-largest by PPP-adjusted GDP.
The location of Turkey. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Turkey: . Turkey or Türkiye, sovereign Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in Southwest Asia and Thrace at the southeastern tip of the Balkan Peninsula in Southern Europe. [1]