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The Republic of Siena (Italian: Repubblica di Siena, Latin: Respublica Senensis) was a historic state consisting of the city of Siena and its surrounding territory in Tuscany, Central Italy. It existed for over 400 years, from 1125 to 1555.
Siena Cathedral Interior of the Siena Cathedral Façade of the Palazzo Pubblico (town hall) during the Palio days Piazza Salimbeni Streets of old Siena. The Siena Cathedral , begun in the 12th century, is a masterpiece of Italian Romanesque–Gothic architecture. Its main façade was completed in 1380 with a nave oriented northeast–southwest.
1st C. CE – Saena Julia founded by Romans. 1205 – Palazzo Tolomei built (approximate date). [1]1233 - "The people again rose against the nobles in the hope of ousting them entirely from office."
The final Allied victory over the Axis in Italy did not come until the spring offensive of 1945, after Allied troops had breached the Gothic Line, leading to the surrender of German and Fascist forces in Italy on 2 May shortly before Germany finally surrendered ending World War II in Europe on 8 May. It is estimated that between September 1943 ...
The history of Italy in the Middle Ages can be roughly defined as the time between the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and the Italian Renaissance. Late antiquity in Italy lingered on into the 7th century under the Ostrogothic Kingdom and the Byzantine Empire under the Justinian dynasty, the Byzantine Papacy until the mid 8th century.
In January 1554, the Spanish started besieging the city of Siena. The French troops were attacked by an Imperial‐Florentine army and defeated at the Battle of Marciano by Gian Giacomo Medici (2 August 1554). After an 18-month-long siege, Siena fell to Spanish forces on 15 April 1555.
After Margravine Matilda of Tuscany died in 1115, the city did not submit readily to her successor, Rabodo (r. 1116–1119), who was killed in a dispute with the city. It is not known precisely when Florence formed its own republican/oligarchical government independent of the marquisate, although the death of Rabodo in 1119 should be a turning ...
Laudomia Forteguerri (1515–1555, Siena, Italy) was an Italian poet and a member of one of the most powerful families in the sixteenth-century Republic of Siena. [1] She is considered by some historians to be Italy's earliest lesbian writer, and she was famous for her beauty, wit, and intelligence. [2]