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Wood chemistry, whose primary focus is the analysis of the chemical constituents comprising wood, with specific emphasis on cellulose, lignin, hemicelluloses, and extractives, as well as on the various products derived from these components. It is also explores potential uses for pulp and paper production, the utilization of wood and wood waste ...
A 2011 discovery in the Canadian province of New Brunswick yielded the earliest known plants to have grown wood, approximately 395 to 400 million years ago. [5] [6]Wood can be dated by carbon dating and in some species by dendrochronology to determine when a wooden object was created.
In cooking, lignin in the form of hardwood is an important source of these two compounds, which impart the characteristic aroma and taste to smoked foods such as barbecue. The main flavor compounds of smoked ham are guaiacol , and its 4-, 5-, and 6-methyl derivatives as well as 2,6-dimethylphenol.
Wood ash is the powdery residue remaining after the combustion of wood, such as burning wood in a fireplace, bonfire, or an industrial power plant. It is largely composed of calcium compounds, along with other non-combustible trace elements present in the wood, and has been used for many purposes throughout history.
Apart from structural wood preservation measures, there are a number of different chemical preservatives and processes (also known as timber treatment, lumber treatment or pressure treatment) that can extend the life of wood, timber, and their associated products, including engineered wood. These generally increase the durability and resistance ...
Thermally modified wood is engineered wood that has been modified by a controlled pyrolysis process of wood being heated to (> 180 °C) in an oxygen free atmosphere. This process changes to the chemical structures of wood's cell wall components lignin , cellulose and hemicellulose which decreases its hygroscopy and thus increases dimensional ...
Pyrolysis liquids from slow pyrolysis of bark and hemp have been tested for their antifungal activity against wood decaying fungi, showing potential to substitute the current wood preservatives [99] while further tests are still required. However, their ecotoxicity is very variable and while some are less toxic than current wood preservatives ...
The primary product of wood pulp is paper, for which whiteness (similar to, but distinct from brightness) is an important characteristic. [1] These processes and chemistry are also applicable to the bleaching of non-wood pulps, such as those made from bamboo or kenaf .