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Neodymium is the fourth member of the lanthanide series. In the periodic table, it appears between the lanthanides praseodymium to its left and the radioactive element promethium to its right, and above the actinide uranium. Its 60 electrons are arranged in the configuration [Xe]4f 4 6s 2, of which the six 4f and 6s electrons are valence.
Inventor Masato Sagawa demonstrating a NdFeB magnet's force with 2 kg bottle. A neodymium magnet (also known as NdFeB, NIB or Neo magnet) is a permanent magnet made from an alloy of neodymium, iron, and boron to form the Nd 2 Fe 14 B tetragonal crystalline structure. [1] They are the most widely used type of rare-earth magnet.
the orbital motion of the electron around the proton, the intrinsic moment of the proton. Similarly, the magnetic moment of a bar magnet is the sum of the contributing magnetic moments, which include the intrinsic and orbital magnetic moments of the unpaired electrons of the magnet's material and the nuclear magnetic moments.
Neodymium compounds are compounds formed by the lanthanide metal neodymium (Nd). In these compounds, neodymium generally exhibits the +3 oxidation state, such as NdCl 3, Nd 2 (SO 4) 3 and Nd (CH 3 COO) 3. Compounds with neodymium in the +2 oxidation state are also known, such as NdCl 2 and NdI 2. Some neodymium compounds have colors that vary ...
Lanthanide oxides: clockwise from top center: praseodymium, cerium, lanthanum, neodymium, samarium and gadolinium. The chemistry of the lanthanides is dominated by the +3 oxidation state, and in Ln III compounds the 6s electrons and (usually) one 4f electron are lost and the ions have the configuration [Xe]4f (n−1). [23]
edit. Naturally occurring neodymium (60 Nd) is composed of 5 stable isotopes, 142 Nd, 143 Nd, 145 Nd, 146 Nd and 148 Nd, with 142 Nd being the most abundant (27.2% natural abundance), and 2 long-lived radioisotopes, 144 Nd and 150 Nd. In all, 33 radioisotopes of neodymium have been characterized up to now, with the most stable being naturally ...
Promethium is a chemical element with symbol Pm and atomic number 61. All of its isotopes are radioactive; it is extremely rare, with only about 500–600 grams naturally occurring in the Earth's crust at any given time. Promethium is one of the only two radioactive elements that are followed in the periodic table by elements with stable forms ...
A proton is a stable subatomic particle, symbol. p. , H +, or 1 H + with a positive electric charge of +1 e (elementary charge). Its mass is slightly less than the mass of a neutron and approximately 1836 times the mass of an electron (the proton-to-electron mass ratio). Protons and neutrons, each with a mass of approximately one atomic mass ...