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If the color in the top layer is less than fully opaque (alpha < 255), the color from underlying layers "shows through". In the RGB model, hues are represented by specifying one color as full intensity (255), a second color with a variable intensity, and the third color with no intensity (0).
HTML name R G B; Hex Decimal Purple, violet, and magenta colors: Indigo: 4B0082: 75, 0, 130 Purple: 800080: 128, 0, 128 DarkMagenta: 8B008B: 139, 0, 139 DarkViolet ...
When two or more colors are additively mixed, the x and y chromaticity coordinates of the resulting color (x mix,y mix) may be calculated from the chromaticities of the mixture components (x 1,y 1; x 2,y 2; …; x n,y n) and their corresponding luminances (L 1, L 2, …, L n) with the following formulas: [20]
In the infobox, the coordinates are presented as three numbers separated by commas, as in this example for the color orange: (255, 165, 0) The coordinates within the parenthesis provide, in order, the relative values of red, green, and blue light. The number in each position ranges from 0 (no color added) to 255 (100% color added).
A very simple example can be given between the two colors with RGB values (0, 64, 0) ( ) and (255, 64, 0) ( ): their distance is 255. Going from there to (255, 64, 128) ( ) is a distance of 128. When we wish to calculate distance from the first point to the third point (i.e. changing more than one of the color values), we can do this:
Because the CIE sensitivity curves have equal areas under the curves, light with a flat energy spectrum corresponds to the point (x,y) = (0.333,0.333). The values for X, Y, and Z are obtained by integrating the product of the spectrum of a light beam and the published color-matching functions.
The Magnavox Odyssey 2 is equipped with an Intel 8244 (NTSC) or 8245 (PAL) custom IC, and uses a 4-bit RGBI color palette. [34] [35] Bits 0 to 2 define Grid color, bits 3 to 5 define Background color, bit 6 defines Grid luminance (0=dim/1=bright) and bit 7 is unused. [35] The Tandy 2000 Graphics Adapter with Color Graphics Option. [36] [37]
On a typical standard 2.2-gamma CRT display, an input intensity RGB value of (0.5, 0.5, 0.5) only outputs about 22% of full brightness (1.0, 1.0, 1.0), instead of 50%. [19] To obtain the correct response, a gamma correction is used in encoding the image data, and possibly further corrections as part of the color calibration process of the device.