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The Province of Venezuela in 1656, by Sanson Nicolas. One of the first maps about Venezuela and near regions. 5 July 1811 (fragment), painting by Juan Lovera in 1811. The history of Venezuela reflects events in areas of the Americas colonized by Spain starting 1502; amid resistance from indigenous peoples, led by Native caciques, such as ...
Venezuela, [ c ] officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, [ d ] is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It comprises an area of 916,445 km 2 (353,841 sq mi), and its population was estimated at 29 million in 2022. [ 18 ]
The independence of Venezuela produced the armed conflict known as the Venezuelan War of Independence between the independence army or Patriotas ("patriots") and the royalist army or Realistas ("royalists"). On July 5, 1811, the independence declaration is signed. That day is celebrated in Venezuela as its national day.
v. t. e. Since 2 February 1999, Venezuela has seen sweeping and radical shifts in social policy, moving away from the last government's officially embracing a free-market economy and liberalization reform principles and towards income redistribution and social welfare programs.
Spain's colonization of mainland Venezuela started in 1502 when it established its first permanent South American settlement in the present-day city of Cumaná (then called Nueva Toledo), which was founded officially in 1515 by Franciscan friars. A palafito like the ones seen by Amerigo Vespucci.
Culture of Venezuela. Instituto Arnoldo Gabaldón, declared on August 30, 1984, as a National Historic Landmark. The cultures of Venezuela are diverse and complex, influenced by the many different people who have made Venezuela their home. Venezuela has distinctive and original art, literature and music.
Following Venezuela's separation from Gran Colombia, the Venezuelan congress approved a new constitution and banned Simón Bolívar from his own homeland. [6] Although the 1830 Constitution prescribed democracy, tradition and practical difficulties militated against the actual working of a republican form of government, and in practice an oligarchy governed the nation.
The politics of Venezuela are conducted under what is nominally a federal presidential republic, but is in practice an authoritarian system of government. [1][2][3][4] Prior to the early 1990s, Venezuela was considered an unusually long-standing and stable liberal democracy in Latin America, having transitioned to democracy in 1958. [1][2][5 ...