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Student migration is the movement of students who study outside their country of birth or citizenship for a period of 12 months or more. [1] During the period of globalization, the internationalisation of higher education increased dramatically and it has become a market driven activity.
International students or those on study abroad programs may stay in the host country for several years. Some exchange programs also offer academic credit. [3] Students of study abroad programs aim to develop a global perspective and cultural understanding by challenging their comfort zones and immersing themselves in a different culture.
Others migrate to be with family members who have migrated or because of political conditions in their countries. Education is another reason for international migration, as students pursue their studies abroad, although this migration is sometimes temporary, with a return to the home country after the studies are completed. [2]
The University of Delaware is credited with creating the first study abroad program designed for U.S. undergraduate students in the 1920s.. A few decades later, Professor Raymond W. Kirkbride of the University of Delaware, a French professor and World War I veteran, won support from university president Walter S. Hullihen to send students to study in France in their junior year.
Policy experts suggest that Indian students intending to go to the US are instead moving to Canada because of the former's unfavorable quota-based H-1B visa program. [39] The decisions of Australia and New Zealand to close borders to international students in 2021 also contributed to the surge in Indian student migration to Canada. [38] [40]
Students of different nationalities at an international school in Shanghai, China, 2017.The school does not have a school uniform.. Student mobility in the first decade of the 21st century has been transformed by three major external events: the September 11 attacks, the 2007–2008 financial crisis, and an increasingly isolationist political order characterized by Brexit in the U.K. and the ...
People move abroad for many different reasons. [44] An understanding of what makes people move is the first step in the expatriation process. People could be ‘pushed’ away as a reaction to specific socio-economic or political conditions in the home country, or ‘pulled’ towards a destination country because of better work opportunities ...
English language exams. Passing the College English Test (CET) band 4 and 6 is sometimes a prerequisite for bachelor's degree, and the certificates are often important to finding employment. The TOEFL and GRE tests from ETS are required for studying abroad in English-speaking countries. Entrance exams to domestic graduate program.