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A deuterated drug is a small molecule medicinal product in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms in the drug molecule have been replaced by its heavier stable isotope deuterium. Because of the kinetic isotope effect, deuterium-containing drugs may have significantly lower rates of metabolism, and hence a longer half-life. [1] [2] [3]
The name deuterium comes from Greek deuteros, meaning "second". [3] [4] American chemist Harold Urey discovered deuterium in 1931. Urey and others produced samples of heavy water in which the 2 H had been highly concentrated. The discovery of deuterium won Urey a Nobel Prize in 1934. Deuterium is destroyed in the interiors of stars faster than ...
Heavy isotope diet is the consumption of nutrients in which some atoms are replaced with their heavier non-radioactive isotopes, such as deuterium (2 H) or heavy carbon (13 C). Biomolecules that incorporate heavier isotopes give rise to more stable molecular structures under certain circumstances, which is hypothesized to increase resistance to ...
An online survey conducted by the Cleveland Clinic of 1,174 men 18 years or older, found that 72% of men would rather do household tasks, such as cleaning the bathroom or mowing the lawn, than see ...
Since one in about every 6,400 hydrogen atoms is deuterium, a 50-kilogram (110 lb) human containing 32 kilograms (71 lb) of body water would normally contain enough deuterium (about 1.1 grams or 0.039 ounces) to make 5.5 grams (0.19 oz) of pure heavy water, so roughly this dose is required to double the amount of deuterium in the body.
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DLW ('tagged' water) is traceable hydrogen (deuterium), and traceable oxygen (18 O). The 18 O leaves the body in two ways: (i) exhaled CO 2, and (ii) water loss in (mostly) urine, sweat, and breath. But the deuterium leaves only in the second way (water loss). From deuterium loss, we know how much of the tagged water left the body as water.
Deuterium is a naturally-occurring, stable (non-radioactive) isotope of hydrogen with a nucleus consisting of one proton and one neutron. A nucleus of normal hydrogen (protium, 1 H) consists of one proton only, and no neutron. Deuterium thus has about twice the atomic mass as 1 H. Heavy water molecules contain two deuteriums instead of two 1 H