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Lung infarction or pulmonary infarction occurs when an artery to the lung becomes blocked and part of the lung dies. [1] It is most often caused by a pulmonary embolism.. Because of the dual blood supply to the lungs from both the bronchial circulation and the pulmonary circulation, this tissue is more resistant to infarction.
Infarction occurs as a result of prolonged ischemia, which is the insufficient supply of oxygen and nutrition to an area of tissue due to a disruption in blood supply.The blood vessel supplying the affected area of tissue may be blocked due to an obstruction in the vessel (e.g., an arterial embolus, thrombus, or atherosclerotic plaque), compressed by something outside of the vessel causing it ...
In this case, giving fluids can improve right heart filling. [19] [26] However, in other causes of obstructive shock, too much fluid can worsen cardiac output. Thus, fluid therapy should be monitored closely. [3] After these stabilizing measures, further treatment depends on the cause. Treatment of the underlying condition can quickly resolve ...
The pathophysiology of pulmonary heart disease (cor pulmonale) has always indicated that an increase in right ventricular afterload causes RV failure (pulmonary vasoconstriction, anatomic disruption/pulmonary vascular bed and increased blood viscosity are usually involved [1]), however most of the time, the right ventricle adjusts to an overload in chronic pressure.
Myocardial ruptures can be classified as one of three types. [citation needed] Type I myocardial rupture is an abrupt, slit-like tear that generally occurs within 24 hours of an acute myocardial infarction. Type II is an erosion of the infarcted myocardium, which is suggestive of a slow tear of the dead myocardium.
Respiratory arrest can be caused by pulmonary embolus, choking, drowning, trauma, drug overdose, and poisoning. [3] Pulmonary embolus carries a high mortality rate and may be the triggering cause for up to 5% of cardiac arrests, according to a retrospective study from an urban tertiary care emergency department.
A thrombus may become detached and enter circulation as an embolus, finally lodging in and completely obstructing a blood vessel, which unless treated very quickly will lead to tissue necrosis (an infarction) in the area past the occlusion. Venous thrombosis can lead to pulmonary embolism when the migrated embolus becomes lodged in the lung.
Repeated bouts of ischemia and reperfusion injury also are thought to be a factor leading to the formation and failure to heal of chronic wounds such as pressure sores and diabetic foot ulcer. [4] Continuous pressure limits blood supply and causes ischemia, and the inflammation occurs during reperfusion.