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Conductivity or specific conductance of an electrolyte solution is a measure of its ability to conduct electricity. The SI unit of conductivity is siemens per meter (S/m). Conductivity measurements are used routinely in many industrial and environmental applications as a fast, inexpensive and reliable way of measuring the ionic content in a ...
The molar conductivity of an electrolyte solution is defined as its conductivity divided by its molar concentration: [1] [2] =, where κ is the measured conductivity (formerly known as specific conductance), [3] c is the molar concentration of the electrolyte.
Electrical conductivity of water samples is used as an indicator of how salt-free, ion-free, or impurity-free the sample is; the purer the water, the lower the conductivity (the higher the resistivity). Conductivity measurements in water are often reported as specific conductance, relative to the conductivity of pure water at 25 °C.
Charge carrier density, also known as carrier concentration, denotes the number of charge carriers per volume. In SI units, it is measured in m −3. As with any density, in principle it can depend on position. However, usually carrier concentration is given as a single number, and represents the average carrier density over the whole material.
The condosity of any given solution is defined as the molar concentration of a sodium chloride (NaCl) solution that has the same specific electrical conductance as the solution under test. [1] [2] [3] By way of example, for a 2 Molar potassium chloride (KCl) solution, the
For example, the mass of a sample is an extensive quantity; it depends on the amount of substance. The related intensive quantity is the density which is independent of the amount. The density of water is approximately 1g/mL whether you consider a drop of water or a swimming pool, but the mass is different in the two cases.
Specific capacity of a water well, quantity of water produced per (length) unit of drawdown; Specific conductance, conductance per meter. Identical to electrical conductivity; Specific detectivity of a photodetector; Specific fuel consumption (disambiguation). Fuel consumption per unit thrust, or per unit power. Type defined as above.
If is expressed in terms of molality, instead of molarity (as in the equation above and in the rest of this article), then an experimental value for of water is / / at 25 °C. It is common to use a base-10 logarithm, in which case we factor ln 10 , so A is 0.509 mol − 1 / 2 kg 1 / 2 {\displaystyle 0.509{\text{ mol}}^{-1/2}{\text{kg}}^{1/2}} .