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The endoplasmic reticulum is found in most eukaryotic cells and forms an interconnected network of flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs known as cisternae (in the RER), and tubular structures in the SER. The membranes of the ER are continuous with the outer nuclear membrane. The endoplasmic reticulum is not found in red blood cells, or spermatozoa.
English: A reworked version of File:Biological_cell.svg. Diagram of a typical animal cell. Organelles are labelled as follows: Nucleolus; Nucleus; Ribosomes (dots on rough reticulum walls) Vesicle; Rough endoplasmic reticulum; Golgi apparatus (or "Golgi body") Cytoskeleton; Smooth endoplasmic reticulum; Mitochondrion; Vacuole; Cytosol; Lysosome ...
Rough endoplasmic reticulum ≅ rough endoplasmic reticulum (Q7881690) ... Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates/Typical animal cell; Global file usage.
The Golgi apparatus is a major collection and dispatch station of protein products received from the endoplasmic reticulum. Proteins synthesized in the ER are packaged into vesicles, which then fuse with the Golgi apparatus. These cargo proteins are modified and destined for secretion via exocytosis or for use in the cell.
While the two membranes and the endoplasmic reticulum are linked, proteins embedded in the membranes tend to stay put rather than dispersing across the continuum. [18] It is lined with a fiber network called the nuclear lamina which is 10-40 nm thick and provides strength.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a synthesis and transport organelle that branches into the cytoplasm in plant and animal cells. [3] The Golgi apparatus is a series of multiple compartments where molecules are packaged for delivery to other cell components or for secretion from the cell. [4]
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum makes hormones and lipids, degrades toxins, and controls cellular levels of calcium. Though most control of cell division is present in the nucleus, the centrosomes present in the endoplasm assist with spindle formation. The endoplasm is the site of many activities necessary for the cell to maintain homeostasis. [2]
Other compartments such as peroxisomes, lysosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, the cell nucleus or the Golgi apparatus are not of endosymbiotic origin. Smaller elements like vesicles, and sometimes even microtubules can also be counted as compartments.