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The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved durvalumab for certain types of bladder, lung, and biliary tract cancer: [6] [13] [14]. Adults with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who either have disease progression during or following platinum-containing chemotherapy or have disease progression within twelve months of neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatment with platinum ...
Gemcitabine, sold under the brand name Gemzar, among others, [1] is a chemotherapy medication used to treat cancers. [2] It is used to treat testicular cancer, [3] breast cancer, ovarian cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, and bladder cancer. [2] [4] It is administered by intravenous infusion. [2]
Cisplatin is administered intravenously as short-term infusion in normal saline for treatment of solid and haematological malignancies. It is used to treat various types of cancers, including sarcomas, some carcinomas (e.g., small cell lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and ovarian cancer), lymphomas, bladder cancer, cervical cancer, [9] and germ cell tumors.
Cisplatin was the first to be developed. [9] Cisplatin is particularly effective against testicular cancer; the cure rate was improved from 10% to 85%. [10] Similarly, the addition of cisplatin to adjuvant chemotherapy led to a marked increase in disease-free survival rates for patients with medulloblastoma - again, up to around 85%.
A chemotherapy regimen is a regimen for chemotherapy, defining the drugs to be used, their dosage, the frequency and duration of treatments, and other considerations. In modern oncology , many regimens combine several chemotherapy drugs in combination chemotherapy .
Surgery is normally followed by chemotherapy. In cases where tumour were found in the lymph nodes, radiation therapy to the chest is usually advised after resection. The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) Lung Cancer Staging Project demonstrated five‐year survival rates after resection as below: [8]
Sensory side effects include paresthesias, dysesthesias, numbness, altered proprioception, and loss of dexterity in fingers and toes. Motor and autonomic symptoms are less frequent but possible. Symptoms may start days after the patient receives their first dose of chemotherapy, are dose dependent, and tend to improve after completion of treatment.
Tremelimumab is indicated, in combination with durvalumab, for the treatment of adults with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. [7] [11] [8]Tremelimumab in combination with durvalumab and platinum-based chemotherapy is indicated for the first-line treatment of adults with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with no sensitizing epidermal growth factor receptor mutations or anaplastic ...