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The development of FACS tools for different species allows the objective and anatomical study of facial expressions in communicative and emotional contexts. Furthermore, a cross-species analysis of facial expressions can help to answer interesting questions, such as which emotions are uniquely human. [21]
Voluntary facial expressions are often socially conditioned and follow a cortical route in the brain. Conversely, involuntary facial expressions are believed to be innate and follow a subcortical route in the brain. Facial recognition can be an emotional experience for the brain and the amygdala is highly involved in the recognition process.
Facial expressions are signals that we make by moving our facial muscles on our face. Facial expressions generally signify an emotional state, and each emotional state or state of mind has a specific facial expression, many of which are universally used around the world. [ 16 ]
An inability to form facial expressions on one side of the face may be the first sign of damage to the nerve of these muscles. Damage to the facial nerve results in facial paralysis of the muscles of facial expression on the involved side. Paralysis is the loss of voluntary muscle action; the facial nerve has become damaged permanently or ...
Facial expression is an important part of body language and the expression of emotion.It can comprise movement of the eyes, eyebrows, lips, nose and cheeks. At one point, researchers believed that making a genuine smile was nearly impossible to do on command.
For example, facial expressions can provide various signals important for communication. [22] [23] Highly efficient facial recognition mechanisms have therefore developed to support this ability. [18] As humans get older, they become more familiar with upright human faces and continuously refine the mechanisms used to recognise them. [24]
A smile is a facial expression formed primarily by flexing the muscles at the sides of the mouth. Some smiles include a contraction of the muscles at the corner of the eyes, an action known as a Duchenne smile. Among humans, a smile expresses delight, sociability, happiness, joy, or amusement.
Alexithymia, also called emotional blindness, [1] is a neuropsychological phenomenon characterized by significant challenges in recognizing, expressing, feeling, sourcing, [2] and describing one's emotions. [3] [4] [5] It is associated with difficulties in attachment and interpersonal relations. [6]