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  2. Ice-minus bacteria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice-minus_bacteria

    This strain of P. syringae lacks the ability to produce a certain surface protein, usually found on wild-type P. syringae. The "ice-plus" protein (INA protein, "Ice nucleation-active" protein) found on the outer bacterial cell wall acts as the nucleating centers for ice crystals. [1] This facilitates ice formation, hence the designation "ice-plus".

  3. Pseudomonas syringae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas_syringae

    Pseudomonas syringae has ina (ice nucleation-active) genes that make INA proteins which translocate to the outer bacterial membrane on the surface of the bacteria, where the proteins act as nuclei for ice formation. [27] Artificial strains of P. syringae known as ice-minus bacteria have been created to reduce frost damage. [citation needed]

  4. Bioprecipitation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioprecipitation

    Many ski resorts use a commercially available freeze-dried preparation of ice-nucleating proteins derived from the bacterium species Pseudomonas syringae to make snow in a snowgun. [8] Pseudomonas syringae is a well studied plant pathogen that can infect plants, which results in loss. By studying this pathogen it can help us understand the ...

  5. Ice nucleus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_nucleus

    Ice nucleation mechanisms describe four modes that are responsible for the formation of primary ice crystals in the atmosphere. [clarification needed]An ice nucleus, also known as an ice nucleating particle (INP), is a particle which acts as the nucleus for the formation of an ice crystal in the atmosphere.

  6. Cryobiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryobiology

    Three species of bacteria, Carnobacterium pleistocenium, Chryseobacterium greenlandensis, and Herminiimonas glaciei, have reportedly been revived after surviving for thousands of years frozen in ice. Certain bacteria, notably Pseudomonas syringae, produce specialized proteins that serve as potent ice nucleators, which they use to force ice ...

  7. Red Dye 3 Just Got Banned. These Are the Foods to Avoid If ...

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/red-dye-3-just-got...

    Ice cream and frozen yogurt treats. Chewing gum and mints. Biscuits. Fruit and vegetable juices. Seasoning mixes and marinades. Not everything in the marketplace containing Red Dye No. 3 falls ...

  8. Snowmaking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snowmaking

    The water is sometimes mixed with ina (ice nucleation-active) proteins from the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae. These proteins serve as effective nuclei to initiate the formation of ice crystals at relatively high temperatures, so that the droplets will turn into ice before falling to the ground.

  9. Trump says he'll visit California on Friday to survey ...

    www.aol.com/trump-says-hell-visit-california...

    The remarks come over a week after California Gov. Gavin Newsom invited Trump to visit the state and meet the victims impacted by the wildfires.