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Citalopram theoretically causes side effects by increasing the concentration of serotonin in other parts of the body (e.g., the intestines). Other side effects, such as increased apathy and emotional flattening, may be caused by the decrease in dopamine release associated with increased serotonin.
This side effect has been particularly associated with serotonergic antidepressants like SSRIs and SNRIs, but may be less with atypical antidepressants like bupropion, agomelatine, and vortioxetine. [ 83 ] [ 85 ] [ 86 ] Higher doses of antidepressants seem to be more likely to produce emotional blunting than lower doses. [ 83 ]
Intimate side effects like ED are known to occur with many antidepressants, including the following common medications: Citalopram (generic for Celexa) Sertraline (Zoloft)
Vistaril (hydroxyzine) – an antihistamine for the treatment of itches and irritations, an antiemetic, as a weak analgesic, an opioid potentiator, and as an anxiolytic Vyvanse ( lisdexamfetamine ) – a pro-drug stimulant used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and binge eating disorder ; Vyvanse is converted into Dexedrine in vivo
More serious side effects may include suicidal thoughts in people up to the age of 24 years. [9] It is unclear if use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is safe. [10] Escitalopram is the (S)-enantiomer of citalopram (which exists as a racemate), hence the name es-citalopram. [9] Escitalopram was approved for medical use in the United States in ...
Many of these symptoms may be side effects of the drug or drug interaction causing excessive levels of serotonin rather than an effect of elevated serotonin itself. Tremor is a common side effect of MDMA's action on dopamine, whereas hyperreflexia is symptomatic of exposure to serotonin agonists.
But citalopram can also be viewed as a constrained analogue of paroxetine. [6] Figure 7 Chemical structures of (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of citalopram. Citalopram has the second most selectivity for SERT, no effects on NE or DA re-uptake and nor does it have affinity to other neuroreceptors. [6]
Additionally, some clinically used drugs such as chlorpheniramine, dextromethorphan, and methadone possess SRI properties secondarily to their primary mechanism of action(s) and this contributes to their side effect and drug interaction profiles. A closely related type of drug is a serotonin releasing agent (SRA), an example of which is ...