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  2. Battle of Salamis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Salamis

    The Battle of Salamis (/ ˈsæləmɪs / sal-ə-MISS) was a naval battle fought in 480 BC, between an alliance of Greek city-states under Themistocles, and the Achaemenid Empire under King Xerxes. It resulted in a decisive victory for the outnumbered Greeks. The battle was fought in the straits between the mainland and Salamis, an island in the ...

  3. Thermopylae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermopylae

    Thermopylae is the site of the Battle of Thermopylae between the Greek forces (including Spartans, Thebans and Thespians) and the invading Persian forces, commemorated by Simonides of Ceos in the epitaph, "Go tell the Spartans, stranger passing by, That here we lie, having answered our common oaths." Thermopylae is the only land route large ...

  4. Battle of Thermopylae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Thermopylae

    Tactically, the pass at Thermopylae was ideally suited to the Greek style of warfare. [79] A hoplite phalanx could block the narrow pass with ease, with no risk of being outflanked by cavalry. Moreover, in the pass, the phalanx would have been very difficult to assault for the more lightly armed Persian infantry. [79]

  5. Battle of Artemisium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Artemisium

    The Battle of Artemisium or Artemision was a series of naval engagements over three days during the second Persian invasion of Greece.The battle took place simultaneously with the land battle at Thermopylae, in August or September 480 BC, off the coast of Euboea and was fought between an alliance of Greek city-states, including Sparta, Athens, Corinth and others, and the Persian Empire of ...

  6. Athenian democracy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athenian_democracy

    Greek democracy created at Athens was direct, rather than representative: any adult male citizen over the age of 20 could take part, [38] and it was a duty to do so. The officials of the democracy were in part elected by the Assembly and in large part chosen by lottery in a process called sortition.

  7. Athenian festivals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athenian_festivals

    The Panathenaea (Ancient Greek: Παναθήναια, "all-Athenian festival") was the most important festival for Athens and one of the grandest in the entire ancient Greek world. Except for slaves, all inhabitants of the polis could take part in the festival. This holiday of great antiquity is believed to have been the observance of Athena 's ...

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