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In a dialect continuum, neighboring varieties are mutually intelligible, but differences mount with distance, so that more widely separated varieties may not be mutually intelligible. Intelligibility can be partial, as is the case with Azerbaijani and Turkish , or significant, as is the case with Bulgarian and Macedonian .
Map of the variation in the placement of animal gender markers in local Chinese dialects in the core Chinese-speaking area [140] The usual unmarked word order in Chinese varieties is subject–verb–object, with other orders used for emphasis or contrast. [141] Modifiers usually precede the word they modify, so that adjectives precede nouns. [142]
Subgroup (片 piàn), which may be mutually unintelligible with other subgroups [note 3] Cluster (小片 xiǎopiàn), which may be mutually unintelligible with other clusters; Local dialect (点 diǎn), which are the dialects sampled by the Atlas; In the list below, [8] local dialects are not listed. Groups are in bold, subgroups are numbered ...
A dialect continuum or dialect chain is a series of language varieties spoken across some geographical area such that neighboring varieties are mutually intelligible, but the differences accumulate over distance so that widely separated varieties may not be. [1]
Standard Chinese, known in China as Putonghua, based on the Mandarin dialect of Beijing, [5] is the official national spoken language for the mainland and serves as a lingua franca within the Mandarin-speaking regions (and, to a lesser extent, across the other regions of mainland China).
Mandarin Chinese is a grouping of Chinese languages that includes at least eight subgroups, often also called dialects. In English, "Mandarin" can refer to any of these Mandarin dialects, which are not necessarily mutually intelligible. [6] However, the term is most commonly used to refer to Standard Chinese, [7] [8] the prestige dialect.
Tong'an, Xiamen, Taiwanese, Singaporean dialects as a group are more mutually intelligible, but it is less so amongst the forementioned group, Quanzhou dialect, and Zhangzhou dialect. [ 47 ]
The two spoken forms of the Hohhot dialect are only partially intelligible to each other. Like most Jin dialects, the Jiucheng Hohhot dialect uses the glottal stop and is mutually intelligible with many dialects in neighboring Shanxi. In its full-fledged form, however, it is only partially intelligible with Standard Chinese. Arguably the most ...