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Ordinary wavenumber is defined as the number of wave cycles divided by length; it is a physical quantity with dimension of reciprocal length, expressed in SI units of cycles per metre or reciprocal metre (m-1).
If inventor granted patent of introduction, the invention will be valid for a period of 15 years. Further five years patent may be valid if invention is properly worked in Ethiopia. [8] Ethiopia's first intellectual property law was enacted in 2006, which included provisions for patents, trademarks, copyrights, and industrial designs.
The EIPO has a main objective to maintain intellectual property of Ethiopia and expanding laws and regulations. According to the Director-general Ermias Yemanebirhan, these laws have "laid the foundation of the recognition, certification, and protection of all forms of intellectual property rights". [5]
In 1890, Rydberg proposed on a formula describing the relation between the wavelengths in spectral lines of alkali metals. [2]: v1:376 He noticed that lines came in series and he found that he could simplify his calculations using the wavenumber (the number of waves occupying the unit length, equal to 1/λ, the inverse of the wavelength) as his unit of measurement.
In meteorological applications, a zonal wavenumber or hemispheric wavenumber is the dimensionless number of wavelengths fitting within a full circle around the globe at a given latitude: [1] k = 2 π r cos φ λ , {\displaystyle k={\frac {2\pi r\cos \varphi }{\lambda }},}
The direction in which the wave vector points must be distinguished from the "direction of wave propagation".The "direction of wave propagation" is the direction of a wave's energy flow, and the direction that a small wave packet will move, i.e. the direction of the group velocity.
The term R&D covers three activities: basic research, applied research and experimental development. In Ethiopia, the first national survey of R&D was undertaken by the Ministry of Science and Technology in 2009. In 2013 STIC was mandated to conduct this survey and also conducted the second national survey of R&D in 2014.
Printer tracking dots, also known as printer steganography, DocuColor tracking dots, yellow dots, secret dots, or a machine identification code (MIC), is a digital watermark which many color laser printers and photocopiers produce on every printed page that identifies the specific device that was used to print the document.