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History of the British Raj. After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British Government took over the administration to establish the British Raj. The British Raj was the period of British Parliament rule on the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947, for around 89 years of British occupation. The system of governance was instituted in 1858 ...
The British Raj (/ r ɑː dʒ / RAHJ; from Hindustani rāj, 'reign', 'rule' or 'government') [10] was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent, [11] lasting from 1858 to 1947. [12] It is also called Crown rule in India , [ 13 ] or Direct rule in India . [ 14 ]
British Raj. Today part of. India. Pakistan. Bangladesh. East India Company rule in India (or the Company Raj, [6] from Hindi rāj, lit. 'rule'[7]) was the rule of the British East India Company on the Indian subcontinent. This is variously taken to have commenced between 1757 and 1773.
The mature Indus civilisation flourished from about 2600 to 1900 BCE, marking the beginning of urban civilisation on the Indian subcontinent. It included cities such as Harappa, Ganweriwal, and Mohenjo-daro in modern-day Pakistan, and Dholavira, Kalibangan, Rakhigarhi, and Lothal in modern-day India.
Colonial India was the part of the Indian subcontinent that was occupied by European colonial powers during the Age of Discovery. European power was exerted both by conquest and trade, especially in spices. [1][2] The search for the wealth and prosperity of India led to the colonisation of the Americas after Christopher Columbus went to the ...
British Indian Empire in The Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1909. British India is shaded pink, the princely states yellow.. The Partition of India in 1947 was the change of political borders and the division of other assets that accompanied the dissolution of the British Raj in the Indian subcontinent and the creation of two independent dominions in South Asia: India and Pakistan.
The Indian Army during British rule, also referred to as the British Indian Army,[9][10] was the main military force of India until national independence in 1947. [9] Formed in 1895 by uniting the three Presidency Armies, [11] it was responsible for the defence of both British India and the princely states, which could also have their own armies.
However, by the end of British rule, India's economy represented a much smaller proportion of global GDP. In 1820, India's GDP was 16% of the global GDP. By 1870, it had fallen to 12%, and by 1947 to 4%. India's per-capita income remained mostly stagnant during the Raj, with most of its GDP growth coming from an expanding population.