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Small proteins are a diverse fold class of proteins (usually <100 amino acids long). [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] Their tertiary structure is usually maintained by disulphide bridges, [ 4 ] metal ligands, [ 5 ] and or cofactors such as heme. Some small proteins serve important regulatory functions by direct interaction with certain enzymes and are therefore ...
The human genome, categorized by function of each gene product, given both as number of genes and as percentage of all genes. [7] Proteins may also be classified based on their cellular function. A widely used classification is PANTHER (protein analysis through evolutionary relationships) classification system. [7]
The main elements that comprise the human body (including water) can be summarized as CHNOPS. About 99% of the mass of the human body is made up of six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. Only about 0.85% is composed of another five elements: potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium.
Protein is a nutrient needed by the human body for growth and maintenance. Aside from water, proteins are the most abundant kind of molecules in the body. Protein can be found in all cells of the body and is the major structural component of all cells in the body, especially muscle. This also includes body organs, hair and skin.
A protein is a polyamide. Secondary structure: regularly repeating local structures stabilized by hydrogen bonds. The most common examples are the α-helix, β-sheet and turns. Because secondary structures are local, many regions of different secondary structure can be present in the same protein molecule.
Titin is the largest known protein; its human variant consists of 34,350 amino acids, with the molecular weight of the mature "canonical" isoform of the protein being approximately 3,816,030.05 Da. [22] Its mouse homologue is even larger, comprising 35,213 amino acids with a molecular weight of 3,906,487.6 Da. [23]
Blood vessels are the structures of the circulatory system that transport blood throughout the human body. [1] These vessels transport blood cells, nutrients, and oxygen to the tissues of the body. They also take waste and carbon dioxide away from the tissues. Blood vessels are typically needed to sustain life, because all of the body's tissues ...
Actin is extremely abundant in most cells, comprising 1–5% of the total protein mass of most cells, and 10% of muscle cells. [7] The actin protein is found in both the cytoplasm and the cell nucleus. [9] Its location is regulated by cell membrane signal transduction pathways that integrate the stimuli that a cell receives stimulating the ...