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A chemical compound is a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) containing atoms from more than one chemical element held together by chemical bonds. A molecule consisting of atoms of only one element is therefore not a compound. A compound can be transformed into a different substance by a chemical ...
A molecule may be homonuclear, that is, it consists of atoms of one chemical element, e.g. two atoms in the oxygen molecule (O 2); or it may be heteronuclear, a chemical compound composed of more than one element, e.g. water (two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom; H 2 O).
In chemistry, the law of definite proportions, sometimes called Proust's law or the law of constant composition, states that a given chemical compound always contains its component elements in a fixed ratio (by mass) and does not depend on its source or method of preparation. For example, oxygen makes up about 8 / 9 of the mass of any sample of ...
Two charges are present with a negative charge in the middle (red shade), and a positive charge at the ends (blue shade). In chemistry, polarity is a separation of electric charge leading to a molecule or its chemical groups having an electric dipole moment, with a negatively charged end and a positively charged end.
Law of multiple proportions. In chemistry, the law of multiple proportions states that in compounds which contain two particular chemical elements, the amount of Element A per measure of Element B will differ across these compounds by ratios of small whole numbers. For instance, the ratio of the hydrogen content in methane (CH 4) and ethane (C ...
Chirality (chemistry) Two enantiomers of a generic amino acid that are chiral. (S)-Alanine (left) and (R)-alanine (right) in zwitterionic form at neutral pH. In chemistry, a molecule or ion is called chiral (/ ˈkaɪrəl /) if it cannot be superposed on its mirror image by any combination of rotations, translations, and some conformational changes.
In molecular orbital theory, bond order is defined as half the difference between the number of bonding electrons and the number of antibonding electrons as per the equation below. [4][5] This often but not always yields similar results for bonds near their equilibrium lengths, but it does not work for stretched bonds. [6] Bond order is also an ...
A chemical composition specifies the identity, arrangement, and ratio of the chemical elements making up a compound by way of chemical and atomic bonds. Chemical formulas can be used to describe the relative amounts of elements present in a compound. For example, the chemical formula for water is H 2 O: this means that each molecule of water is ...