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Each card has a number on one side and color on the other. Which card or cards must be turned over to test the idea that if a card shows an even number on one face, then its opposite face is blue? The Wason selection task (or four-card problem ) is a logic puzzle devised by Peter Cathcart Wason in 1966.
Boolos provides the following clarifications: [1] a single god may be asked more than one question, questions are permitted to depend on the answers to earlier questions, and the nature of Random's response should be thought of as depending on the flip of a fair coin hidden in his brain: if the coin comes down heads, he speaks truly; if tails ...
A Map of how Convergent Thinking Works. Convergent thinking is the type of thinking that focuses on coming up with the single, well-established answer to a problem. [1] It is oriented toward deriving the single best, or most often correct answer to a question.
For example, if a friend yells "Duck!" during a baseball game the most logical response may be to blindly trust them and duck instead of demanding an explanation or investigating what might have prompted their exclamation. [124] [125] Generally speaking, the less time there is, the more significant it is to trust intuitions and gut feelings. If ...
Inductive reasoning is any of various methods of reasoning in which broad generalizations or principles are derived from a body of observations. [1] [2] This article is concerned with the inductive reasoning other than deductive reasoning (such as mathematical induction), where the conclusion of a deductive argument is certain given the premises are correct; in contrast, the truth of the ...
Another form of logic puzzle, popular among puzzle enthusiasts and available in magazines dedicated to the subject, is a format in which the set-up to a scenario is given, as well as the object (for example, determine who brought what dog to a dog show, and what breed each dog was), certain clues are given ("neither Misty nor Rex is the German Shepherd"), and then the reader fills out a matrix ...
Attacking Faulty Reasoning: A Practical Guide to Fallacy-free Arguments [1] is a textbook on logical fallacies by T. Edward Damer that has been used for many years in a number of college courses on logic, critical thinking, argumentation, and philosophy. It explains 60 of the most commonly committed fallacies.
In like manner I restrain myself in advance and stop replying to sophistical questions." [59] However, this mastery of logical puzzles, study of paradoxes, and dissection of arguments [60] was not an end in itself, but rather its purpose was for the Stoics to cultivate their rational powers. [61] Stoic logic was thus a method of self-discovery ...