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to the desensitization protocol. If patient develops a severe reaction such as hypotension, throat swelling, wheezing/respiratory distress, or decreased oxygen saturation with normal vital signs while undergoing desensitization, stop the medication and treat
Desensitization protocols to penicillin should be performed by allergists, and they require a monitored inpatient environment.
Penicillin desensitization can be performed through the oral, intravenous, intramuscular, and subcutaneous routes.
Desensitization has been performed with this protocol to treat patients with an immediate hypersensitivity to the following drugs: Penicillins and other beta-lactams, including ertapenem, imipenem, and meropenem. Cephalosporins. Fluoroquinolones. Vancomycin. Procedure length (average): 6 hours.
antibiotic, or refer for desensitization If penicillin skin testing is positive (FIGURE 2), use another antibiotic that is equally effica-cious. Patients who absolutely need a beta-lactam may undergo drug desensitization, per-formed by a board-certified allergist. During desensitization, patients receive progressively higher doses of the drug every
Rapid Desensitization to b-Lactam antibiotics Including Penicillin and Cephalosporins The first series of rapid penicillin desensitizations included escalating oral doses to treat 15 pregnant syphilis-infected women.10 An intravenous protocol was later devel-oped to treat 15 severely infected patients, which included 10-fold incremental
This penicillin (PCN) temporary induction of immune tolerance or desensitization procedure is intended to desensitize a patient with a severe allergic reaction to receive treatment doses of PCN when there are no suitable alternatives
Penicillin al-lergy is one of the most commonly reported drug allergies, with a prevalence of 5% to 10%.2,3 The reported prevalence is higher among hospitalized patients, at 11% to 15%.4,5 Individuals with a history of penicillin hypersensitivity are more likely to receive alternative antibiotic therapy, which can lead to added expense,
Desensitization is a procedure that alters the immunologic consequences of drug hypersensitivity and results in temporary tolerance, allowing the patient with a drug hypersensitivity reaction to receive an uninterrupted course of the medication safely.
Inpatient antibiotic desensitization can be ordered in One Chart using the order set entitled "General IV Desensitization." Protocols for antibiotic desensitization were developed by the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program in collaboration with UNMC Division of Allergy and Immunology.