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Among the Latins, this deity appears to have been merged with the sky-god, as Jupiter was ascribed the power to hurl thunderbolts. Among others, Jupiter was ascribed the epithets Jupiter Tonitrans ("Jupiter the Thunderer"), Jupiter Pluvius ("Jupiter the Rainmaker"), and Jupiter Fulgurator ("Jupiter the Thunderbolt-Flinger")
The Baroque-era restoration of the arms gives Jupiter a baton-like scepter in his raised hand. Among Jupiter's most ancient epithets is Lucetius, interpreted as referring to light (lux, lucis), specifically sunlight, by ancient and some modern scholars such as Wissowa. [6] The Carmen Saliare, however, indicates that it refers to lightning. [7]
The Romans regarded Jupiter as the equivalent of the Greek Zeus, [12] and in Latin literature and Roman art, the myths and iconography of Zeus are adapted under the name Jupiter. In the Greek-influenced tradition, Jupiter was the brother of Neptune and Pluto , the Roman equivalents of Poseidon and Hades respectively.
These games—the chief Roman festival—were held in honor of Jupiter, [1] and are said to have been established by Tarquinius Priscus on the occasion of his conquest of the Latin town of Apiolae. [2] However, Dionysius of Halicarnassus [3] and Cicero [4] date them to the Roman victory over the Latins at Lake Regillus during the early Republic ...
The equation with Jupiter is better represented in the commentary tradition to Lucan and confirmed by inscriptions; the parallel between Taranis and Jupiter's role as thunder gods is clear. [20]: 324 On the other hand, Manfred Hainzmann points out Dis was associated in Latin literature with the night sky and night thunderstorms.
Monte Cavo is the sacred Mons Albanus [1] of the Italic people of ancient Italy who lived in Alba Longa (the Albani), and other cities, and therefore a sacred mountain to the Romans; there they built the temple of Jove (Jupiter) Latiaris, one of the most important destinations of pilgrimage for all Latin people in the centuries of Roman domination.
In ancient Roman religion, the flamen Dialis was the high priest of Jupiter. [1] The term Dialis is related to Diespiter, an Old Latin form of the name Jupiter. [2] There were 15 flamines, of whom three were flamines maiores, serving the three gods of the Archaic Triad.
The Latins were tied together by religious associations, including worship of Venus, Jupiter Latiaris, and of Diana at the Lake of Ariccia. So, by virtue of her proximity to the sanctuary of Jupiter, the village of Alba Longa held a position of religious primacy among the Latin villages.