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The calcitonin receptor (CT) is a G protein-coupled receptor that binds the peptide hormone calcitonin and is involved in maintenance of calcium homeostasis, [5] particularly with respect to bone formation and metabolism. [6][7][8]
The transmembrane calcitonin receptor (blue) is bound to human calcitonin (red) and the G s complex (yellow). The calcitonin receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor localized to osteoclasts [20] as well kidney and brain cells. It is coupled to a G s α subunit, thus stimulating cAMP production by adenylate cyclase in target cells. It may also ...
Parafollicular cells, also called C cells, are neuroendocrine cells in the thyroid. They are called C cells because the primary function of these cells is to secrete calcitonin. [1] They are located adjacent to the thyroid follicles and reside in the connective tissue. These cells are large and have a pale stain compared with the follicular cells.
Thyroid follicular cells (also called thyroid epithelial cells or thyrocytes[1]) are the major cell type in the thyroid gland, and are responsible for the production and secretion of the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T 4) and triiodothyronine (T 3). They form the single layer of cuboidal epithelium that makes up the outer structure of the almost ...
Calcium regulation in the human body. [6] The plasma ionized calcium concentration is regulated within narrow limits (1.3–1.5 mmol/L). This is achieved by both the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland, and the parathyroid glands constantly sensing (i.e. measuring) the concentration of calcium ions in the blood flowing through them.
Procalcitonin (PCT) is a peptide precursor of the hormone calcitonin, the latter being involved with calcium homeostasis. It arises once preprocalcitonin is cleaved by endopeptidase. [1] It was first identified by Leonard J. Deftos and Bernard A. Roos in the 1970s. [2] It is composed of 116 amino acids and is produced by parafollicular cells (C ...
Hormone. Left: A hormone feedback loop in a female adult. (1) follicle-stimulating hormone, (2) luteinizing hormone, (3) progesterone, (4) estradiol. Right: auxin transport from leaves to roots in Arabidopsis thaliana. A hormone (from the Greek participle ὁρμῶν, "setting in motion") is a class of signaling molecules in multicellular ...
The other part is from the caudal extensions of the fourth pharyngobranchial pouches which results in the parafollicular calcitonin-secreting cells. [5] These two structures are apparent by 16 to 17 days of gestation. Around the 24th day of pregnancy, the foramen cecum, a thin, flask-like diverticulum of the median anlage develops. At ...