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  2. Byzantine flags and insignia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_flags_and_insignia

    Byzantine flags and insignia. For most of its history, the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire did not use heraldry in the Western European sense of permanent motifs transmitted through hereditary right. [1] Various large aristocratic families employed certain symbols to identify themselves; [1] the use of the cross, and of icons of Christ, the ...

  3. Double-headed eagle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-headed_eagle

    The double-headed eagle is an iconographic symbol originating in the Bronze Age. A heraldic charge, it is used with the concept of an empire. Most modern uses of the emblem are directly or indirectly associated with its use by the late Byzantine Empire, originally a dynastic emblem of the Palaiologoi.

  4. Byzantium (color) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantium_(color)

    Byzantium. The color Byzantium is a particular dark tone of purple. It originates in modern times, and, despite its name, it should not be confused with Tyrian purple (hue rendering), the color historically used by Roman and Byzantine emperors. The latter, often also referred to as "Tyrian red", is more reddish in hue, and is in fact often ...

  5. Flag of the Greek Orthodox Church - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_the_Greek_Orthodox...

    The Ecumenical Patriarchate and Mount Athos, and also the Greek Orthodox Churches in the diaspora under the Patriarchate use a black double-headed eagle in a yellow field as their flag or emblem. The eagle is depicted as clutching a sword and an orb with a crown above and between its two heads. [1] An earlier variant of the flag, used in the ...

  6. Star and crescent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_and_crescent

    The flag of Tunisia (1831) is the first to use the star and crescent design in 1831. This continues to be the Tunisian national flag post-independence. A decade later, the Ottoman flag of 1844 with a white "ay-yıldız" (Turkish for "crescent-star") on a red background continues to be in use as the flag of the Republic of Turkey with minor ...

  7. Byzantine Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_Empire

    Solidus, denarius, and hyperpyron. The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centred in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The eastern half of the Empire survived the conditions that caused the fall of the West in the 5th century AD, and continued to exist ...

  8. Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologos dynasty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_Empire_under_the...

    After 1204, the Byzantine Empire was partitioned into various successor states, with the Latin Empire in control of Constantinople. Following the Fourth Crusade, the Byzantine Empire had fractured into the Greek successor-states of Nicaea, Epirus, and Trebizond, with a multitude of Frankish and Latin possessions occupying the remainder, nominally subject to the Latin Emperors at Constantinople.

  9. List of Greek flags - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Greek_flags

    A black Greek cross on blue background 1821: The flag of the fighters of the autonomous Mani Peninsula. A blue Greek cross on white background, with the words "Victory or Death" and the ancient Spartan motto "With it or upon it" in gold. 1822 Flag of the revolutionaries from Naousa, in Macedonia during the Greek war of Independence.