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It guides international development practitioners in the process of conducting resilience assessments. It is used as a survey-based tool in program evaluation to measure impact as well as to monitor active projects for purposes of adaptive management. [2] The MSRI incorporates resilience measurement of both market system actors and households.
The structure of the SPF in comparison to four other adult resilience measures, as well as comparison data, is available as a Data in Brief article. [4] Noticing the absence of research examining the effectiveness of adult resilience measures in child or adult sexual assault , Ponce-Garcia, Madewell and Brown (2016) demonstrated SPF's ...
Agriculture in Venezuela accounts for approximately 4.7% of GDP, 7.3% of the labor force and at least one-fourth of Venezuela's land area. [7] Venezuela exports rice, corn, fish, tropical fruit, coffee, pork and beef. Venezuela has an estimated US$14.3 trillion worth [28] of natural resources and is not self-sufficient in most areas of ...
World Bank List of countries by GDP (nominal) ranked 30th biggest economy in the world (this citation should be reviewed, Venezuela has a blank entry in cited document, nor is the document from 2015). [2]
In 2018, Venezuela's debt grew to US$156 billion [310] and as of March 2019, its reserves had dropped to US$8 billion. [311] With the exception of PDVSA's 2020 bonds, [312] as of January 2019, all of Venezuela's bonds are in default, [313] and Venezuela's government and state-owned companies owe nearly US$8 billion in unpaid interest and ...
It also seeks to increase Venezuela's food sovereignty. Its concrete results, however, are highly debatable, as in 2007 the country is heavily more dependent on imported foodstuffs than it was in 1997 [ citation needed ] , and has been facing chronic shortages in several basic supplies: milk, edible oils, sugar, cereals, eggs, and others.
The 2009–2010 banking crisis occurred in Venezuela when a number of the banks of Venezuela were taken over by the government, after "the revelation that several banks owned by Hugo Chavez supporters were in financial trouble after engaging in questionable business practices. Some were seriously undercapitalized, others were apparently lending ...
Venezuela's economy is highly dependent on oil production and exportation. [2] Venezuela is a member of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. Its economy is prone to disruption given that price of oil fluctuates rapidly. In 2014, oil prices dropped. Since then Venezuela has had to adapt to a significant decrease in state revenue.