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Anthrax is an infection caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis or Bacillus cereus biovar anthracis. [2] Infection typically occurs by contact with the skin, inhalation, or intestinal absorption. [9] Symptom onset occurs between one day and more than two months after the infection is contracted. [1]
Obiltoxaximab, sold under the brand name Anthim among others, is a monoclonal antibody medication designed for the treatment of exposure to Bacillus anthracis spores (etiologic agent of anthrax). [6] [3] [7] The medication was developed by Elusys Therapeutics, Inc. [3] [8]
Raxibacumab [2] is a human monoclonal antibody intended for the prophylaxis and treatment of inhaled anthrax.Its efficacy has been proven in rabbits and monkeys. [3] In December 2012 raxibacumab was approved in the United States for the treatment of inhalational anthrax due to Bacillus anthracis in combination with appropriate antibacterial drugs, and for prophylaxis of inhalational anthrax ...
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B. anthracis endospores, in particular, are highly resilient, surviving extremes of temperature, low-nutrient environments, and harsh chemical treatment over decades or centuries. [citation needed] The endospore is a dehydrated cell with thick walls and additional layers that form inside the cell membrane.
Anthrax vaccines are vaccines to prevent the livestock and human disease anthrax, caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. [1]They have had a prominent place in the history of medicine, from Pasteur's pioneering 19th-century work with cattle (the first effective bacterial vaccine and the second effective vaccine ever) to the controversial late 20th century use of a modern product to protect ...
The matrix may contain enzymes that deactivate antibiotics. Biofilms also have low metabolic activity, which means antibiotics that target growing processes have much lower efficacy. These factors make phage therapy an enticing option for the treatment of such infections, and there are currently two ways to go about such treatment.
The Sterne strain, like all Bacillus anthracis strains, has two functional 𝛃-lactamases, but gene expression is usually not sufficient to allow drug resistance. The Sterne strain acts as a good comparison to other anthrax strains, as it is a prototypical and easy to work with strain, with sensitivity to penicillin.